« 2021. # 5 (161)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2021. № 5 (161), 1267—1272

UDK [069.6:7](477:510)”19/20″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2021.05.1267

ESTABLISHMENT OF ART MUSEUMS OF CHINA: EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

Xiao Luo

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4352-7809
  • postgraduate, Department of Theory and History of Art
  • The National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture,
  • 20, Voznesensky Descent, 04053, Kyiv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: 976076528@qq.com

Abstract. The article examines the formation of Chinese art museums from the 1950s. Also it highlights the impact of Mao Zedong’s reforms (they are called the «cultural revolution» in historiography) on the development of the museum sphere. The main attention is paid to the 1990s changes, which affected the economic, social and political life of China.

Based on the analysis of the art museum sphere of China, the position of art museums of Ukraine is partially covered. The paper notes that the formation of China’s art museum industry is a good example for Ukrainian museums. The urgency of the work lies in the fact that the comprehensive analysis of the art museum business of China highlights important elements of the combination of public policy and private initiative, useful for the future development of Ukrainian museology.

The formation of art museums in China through the prism of the Ukrainian experience is the object of research. While the reasons for the rapid development of art museums in China, the development of private collections in China, Chinese museum lessons for Ukraine are the main subjects of the work.

The source base of the research is modern studies of Chinese, English and Ukrainian art historians and art critics.

The purpose of the article is to offer a description of the evolution of the museum system in China after Deng Xiaoping’s reforms, which began in 1978, with coverage of key historical facts that led to the spread and development of the industry. In order to achieve the goal the paper used theoretical research methods: axiomatic, historical, method of systems analysis.

The article is also based on the use of general scientific research methods: analysis, synthesis and comparison.

Keywords: China, museum business, art museums, formation, current state, experience, Ukraine.

Received 26.10.2021

REFERENCES

  • Arshad, Z. (2017). Constructing Histories to Shape the Future: China Design Museum. Design and Culture (Vol. 9, pp. 18—21).
  • Hooper-Greenhill, E. (2012). Changing Values in the Art Museum: Rethinking Communication and Learning. In Museum Studies: An Anthology of Contexts (Pp. 517—532). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Chakraborty, М. (2014). Historical buildings and their adaptive return to the museum. Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies (Vol. 47, pp. 30—38).
  • Chesnokov, A.V. (2016). Museum Science in the PRC: Approaches to Periodization. Youth Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, 2, 25—27 [in Russian].
  • Varutti M. (2014). Museums in China. The Politics of Representation after Mao (Heritage Matters). Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
  • Lu, T. (2013). Museums in China. Power, Politics and Identities. London: Routledge.
  • Honcharova, O.M. (2015). The Hermeneutic discourse of museum communication. Culture of Ukraine (Issue 48, pp. 139—150) [in Ukrainian].
  • Bondarenko, I.V., & Chzhaokhui, Van. (2018). Introduction of a categorical apparatus «extroverted» and «introverted» in relation to the characteristics of the interior space of modern museums. Traditions and innovations in higher architectural and artistic education (Issue 2, pp. 14—18) [in Ukrainian].
  • Mortaki, S. (2012). Key Issues Facing Art Museums in the Context of Their Social Role. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science (Vol. 2, pp. 134—137).
  • Chzhaokhui, Van. (2018). Problems of organizing the exposition of art museums and their influence on the formation of the architectural and spatial solution of museum buildings (XX—XXI century). Scientific notes of Ternopil National Pedagogical University named after Volodymyr Hnatyuk (Issue 38, pp. 245—252) [in Ukrainian].

Read»

Our authors
Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »

On bessarabian and moldavian ukrainians in the studies of historical ethnography
The article has thrown some light upon a sum of scientific findings got during XIX to XXI cc. in historio-ethnographic studies of Bessarabia and Moldavian Ukrainians. In the pre­sent paper has been given author’s answer to the problem of lacking progress as for the numerous themes concerning Ukrainians. State and achievements of the research-works in Ukrainians’ material and spiritual culture by the scientists of Moldavia and Ukraine through the years of independence has been exposed.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »

On field exploration of russian and belarusian ethnologists and etnolinguists in Ukrainian Polisia 1945—1980s
In the study based on a wide range of literary materials have been comprehensively characterised field research in Polisia of Ukraine, performed by Russian and Belarusian ethnologists during 1945—1980s as well as Moscow ethnolinguists and other researchers from ethnologic centres of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in the course of realization of Ethnolinguistic Atlas of Polisia program. Particular attention has been paid to geography, methods, themes and research results of scientific projects.
Read »