« 2022. # 6 (168)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. № 6 (168), 1386—1403

UDK [[76:741.5]:929.7](477.83=161.2)”18/19″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2022.06.1386

UKRAINIAN NOBILITY IN THE COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE OF SATIRICAL GRAPHICS OF GALICIA IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19-TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES. IDENTITY, TRADITION, CONSCIOUSNESS OF ORIGIN

IZHEVSKYY Artur

• ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2949-1723
• Doctor of Sciences in History, Senior Researcher
• in the Department of Historical Art
• of the Institute of Ethnology
• of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
• 15, Svobody Avenue, 79008, Lviv, Ukraine,
• Contacts: e-mail: Aizhevsky@gmail.com

Abstract. The satirical graphics of Halychyna illustrated and mocked the transformation of the noble and aristocratic world of Ukraine and Central-Eastern Europe in the middle of 19th — early 20^th centuries in the context of changes in the social order. The moral and ethical transformation of the nobility became the cause of evolutionary processes in the artistic system of the genre of satirical graphics

The purpose of this article is to investigate the evolution of the artistic aesthetics of the satirical graphics of Galicia in the reflection of the Ukrainian nobility. Definition of the identity, traditions and consciousness of the origin of the nobility on the example of works of graphic and verbal satire.

The object of the study is the graphic image (as a part of the verbal) of the nobility in Galicia, its attraction to the Ukrainian, Polish, Austrian, and all-European.

The subject of research is the satirical graphics of Galicia in the middle of the 19th and early 20^th centuries.

Chronological limits — refer to 1850—1914. The importance of graphic art in the reflection of the urbanization processes of Galicia and Europe in the first half of the 19^th century is also emphasized.

Territorial boundaries of the study — the historical lands of Galicia — its ethnic Ukrainian territories. The development of satirical graphics in the cities of Ukraine and Europe, where masters of drawn satire, whose work is connected with Galicia, studied and worked is taken into account.

Research methodology — with the help of the comparative characteristics of satirical graphics, an analysis of the evolution of the image of the nobility is built over a period of more than 50 years. When individual fragments of these artifacts are damaged, the graphic reconstruction method is used.

For the cartoonist, the contrast of different artistic forms turned out to be appropriate and relevant for contrasting various aspects of nobility in graphics: adherence to the traditions of conservatism, understanding or misunderstanding of national identity, consciousness of origin, where moral and ethical principles are opposed to material and social aspects. The Ukrainian nobility depicted in Galician satire cherished its heroic past, but managed to adapt to the world of free market and free elections like the majority of the European aristocracy.

Keywords: Ukrainian nobility (aristocracy), satirical graphics, Galicia.

Received 13.07.2022

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