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« 2024. # 4 (178)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 4 (178), 894—900

UDK 7.04:726:27-523.4(477)

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2024.04.894

DECOR IN THE UKRAINIAN ART SYSTEM WOODEN CHURCH: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ASPECT

PASHCHAK Yaroslav

  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6423-5449
  • Postgraduate of the Department of Architecture and Conservation,
  • Lviv Polytechnic National University,
  • st. S. Bandery, 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: yaroslav.v.pashchak@lpnu.ua

Abstract. The relevance of architectural decor in the decoration of a Ukrainian wooden church is due to the need to preserve it as an element of national identity, stylistics, and to recreate new ones in terms of semantic load and visual perception of rural and urban space on its basis.

The object of the study is the decor of a Ukrainian wooden church in the Ukrainian Carpathians.

The subject of the study is the analysis of historiography on the use of decorative plastic in the architectural and structural solutions of wooden churches.

The purpose of the study is to highlight the state of the art of studying decorative and artistic means in the traditional construction of wooden churches in the Ukrainian Carpathians and the issues of conservation and restoration of the decoration of the architectural and structural components of the interior and exterior of churches.

The research methodology is based on the application of the principles of scientificity, objectivity, and historicism, and the use of chronological and typological methods of dividing historiography.

In this article, historiography is analyzed by time and thematic division. It is divided into six groups. The first group includes studies of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. They are devoted to the discoverers of Ukrainian sacred wooden architecture. The second group includes studies by scientists in the interwar period. They are dedicated to the wooden churches of Galician Ukraine. Subcarpathian Rus, Boikivshchyna, and Bukovyna. The third group includes monographs and articles from the Soviet period that focus on local schools, painting, and the decorative design of iconostases. The fourth group includes research papers that appeared during the years of independence, which make a new contribution to the study of the genesis of wooden churches, their decorative and artistic decoration, and analyze the contribution to the study of wooden churches by Polish researchers. The fifth group includes works directly related to the arrangement of churches. The sixth group includes publications that examine the history of Ukrainian ornament, its symbolism, and ornamental motifs in art and architecture.

Based on the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that the bulk of publications are devoted to the restoration of iconostases, conservation of monuments of church art, and the architectural and constructive solutions of wooden churches, on the basis of which a multidimensional artistic and semantic environment with religious and folk symbolism is created through repetition and inversion. It has been found that there are no studies devoted to the coverage of intersystemic connections in the context of combining decor with a constructive solution, which does not allow to compare separated architectural components, to identify various persified meanings – undisclosed meanings of architectural symbols and signs inherent in the decor of ethnographic groups of the Ukrainian Carpathians.

Keywords: sacred architecture, churches of the Ukrainian Carpathians, architectural decor, decorative and artistic means, restoration, conservation.

Received 4.07.2024

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