The Ethnology Notebooks. 2019, № 4 (148), 915—927
УДК 398(=161.2):314.151.3-054.74(=161.2)(438)
DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2019.04.915
KACHMAR Maria
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-9576
Candidate of sciences in Philology;
Research fellow at the Institute of Ethnology
of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine.
Contacts: e-mail: mariakachmar@ukr.net
Abstract. The great and bloody twentieth century in Ukrainian history is peculiarly reflected in the oral tradition. The article is devoted to the consideration of folk stories and retellings about the deportation of Ukrainians from ethnic Ukrainian lands in Poland in 1944—1947. The source and the object of work are the texts of folk tales and retellings, recorded in 2012 from residents of the village Tuliholovy of Horodok district of the Lviv region — immigrants from the Ukrainian villages of Pzemysl and Yaroslav districts of Poland. The thematic wealth of narratives, the plot-motive complex, the role and place of the narrator in the formation of the text (participant or witness of the event, translator of the received information) have been analyzed. The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of displaying historical events through the subjective perception of a participant or eyewitness, typical phenomena through individual fate, and the influence of the folklore tradition on the formation of texts. On the basis of analytical consideration of prose samples, the concept of historical and folklore memory is revealed, in the formation of the last emotional memory plays important role. The interaction of «historical truth» with individual and collective consciousness, that is, the development of the «artistic truth», is deduced in the works about the life of Ukrainians in Poland until 1944, the Polish-Ukrainian conflict as the main reason for resettlement, the destruction of Ukrainian villages (Pavlokoma and Piskorovichi), the resistance of Ukrainian underground, the organization of voluntary and forced deportations, the difficult road and inhuman conditions for the transportation of Ukrainians, the establishment of life in a new home, adaptation in the new society, where the church and religions played an important unifying role on activity, memory of the «small» homeland, which is usually idealized. Structural-semantic, structural-semiotic, textual, comparative, interdisciplinary methods, method of field research were used for the purpose and tasks of the work.
Keywords: deportation, historical memory, folklore memory, folk stories, motive, ethnic Ukrainian lands.
Received 6.06.2019
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