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« 2024. # 3 (177)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 3 (177), 501—509

UDK 572(477)”195/197″(091)

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2024.03.501

DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN ANTHROPOLOGY DURING 1950s — FIRST HALF of 1970s. RISES AND FALLS

SEGEDA Sergij

Abstract. The article examines the main directions of scientific research and achievements of Physical Anthropology at the third stage of its development as a scientific discipline in Ukraine. This period covers the mid 1950s and mid 1970s.

The relevance of the research is determined by the lack of general studies on this issue. The purpose of the work is a general assessment of the activities of domestic anthropologists in this period, based on the complex application of historical-cultural and comparative-typological methods.

It was found that from the mid 1950s up to the mid 1970s, the only scientific anthropological center in Ukraine was the Anthropology group of the Department of Ethnography, IMFE Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR. The researchers conducted large-scale surveys of the ancient and modern populations of Ukrainian territories. In order to highlight anthropological problems, a wide range of modern systems of signs and methods of their processing were involved, some of them were included into a program and practice of Physical Anthropology much later in the second half of XX century.

During this period, a number of monographs of the Ukrainian scientists were published, which have retained their scientific significance to these days. It was noted that the termination of the activities of the Anthropology group of the Ethnography Department, IMFE Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR caused irreparable damage to the development of an important branch of ethnographic studies in Ukraine.

Keywords: paleanthropology, applied anthropology, craniology, anthropological composition of the Ukrainian people, hematology, odontology, dermatoglyphics.

Received 3.06.2024

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