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The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 6 (180), 1497—1508

UDK 7.03 (477) (02.064)

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/

THE GENESIS OF UKRAINIAN ART HISTORY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE ХХ CENTURY: FROM SOCIAL REALISM TO POSTMODERNISM

MATOLICH Iryna

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-7372
  • Candidate of Art Studies, Associate Professor,
  • Head of the Design Department,
  • King Danylo Universitу,
  • 35, Yevhena Konovaltsia Street, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: iryna.matolich@ukd.edu.ua

Abstract. Introduction. Art studies is a branch of humanities that studies art in its broad sociocultural context. To understand the current state of this science (fine and decorative arts), it is necessary to study its history, in particular its development in the second half of the XXth century, as well as to identify the first scientists in this area. Solving these questions will help to understand the completeness and integrity of Ukrainian art history.

Results. In the second half of the 20th century, Ukrainian art history experienced a significant transformation, which took place against the background of deep socio-cultural changes. Starting from the period of socialist realism, when an ideologically oriented approach to art became dominant, and then moving to postmodern trends, the flowering of various artistic directions and schools, leading scientists of the specified time, was noted. This evolutionary path testifies not only to a change in aesthetic preferences but also to the search for new identities and freedom in expressing creative potential.

During the Bolshevik regime, art history, like other humanities, often had a clear political connotation, sometimes even acting as a tool of state control, where art criticism became a specific ritual. Artists and art historians were forced to adapt to an ideological framework in which national tradition was interpreted selectively and historical memory was manipulated. The use of ideological templates was felt in most of the publications, the requirements for the publications were aimed at positive coverage of the revival and development of Ukrainian art in the Soviet period.

The implemented regime of socialist realism defined new principles in art, making it dependent on the orders of political leaders and party leaders. In such conditions, scientific monographs dedicated to individual artists were written according to the officially defined style — their character was purely overviewed, devoid of specifics and detailed analysis of artistic phenomena.

Conclusion. So, in the middle of the ХХth century — this is the period of the appearance of new names in the local art history, who prepared and published several fundamental works on the history of Ukrainian art, although, considering the time, not without signs of involvement. Аfter all, the science of art history in the Soviet period was subject to close control by the authorities, which strictly regulated the researcher’s work.

Thus, the genesis of Ukrainian art history is a complex and multifaceted process that took place under the influence of political, social, and cultural changes. Despite numerous challenges, Ukrainian art history was able to preserve its scientific potential and continues to actively develop in modern conditions, enriching national and world culture.

Keywords: art studies, totalitarianism, ideological system, museum, conference, dissertation.

Received 12.11.2024

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