The Ethnology Notebooks. 2020. № 2 (152), 450—460
UDK94(477.54) — 058.12: 821.161.2-3 Квітка-Основ’яненко
DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2020.02.450
Aksonova Natalia
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8876-2197
Ph.D. of Sciences in History,
assistant professor Department of Ukrainian Studies;
assistant professor Department of Travel Business Regional Studies
V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
Contacts: е-mail: aksyonova@karazin.ua
DOMANOVSKYI Andrii
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-3374
Ph.D. of Sciences in History,
assistant professor Department of Ukrainian Studies;
assistant professor of Ancient and Medieval History Department
V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
Contacts: е-mail: andriy.domanovsky@karazin.ua
Abstract. Introduction. The essay analyzes H.F. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko’s short story «A Soldier’s Portrait» («A Grunt’s Portrait») as a source for the study of the ethnography and everyday life of the inhabitants of the sloboda of Lyptsi in the first half of the nineteenth century.
Problem Statement. The value of «A Soldier’s Portrait» stems from the author’s painstaking attentition to the details of folk life, customs, peculiarities of behavior, and other facts. Lyptsi was chosen as the location of the story because the author needed to describe a Ukrainian frontier settlement positioned on the border between Ukrainian and Russian ethnic lands. Certain moments in the story may testify to his familiarity with local, purely Lyptsian details. On the other hand, the writer’s description of a fair can be considered typical of the entire historical region of Sloboda Ukraine.
Methods. The article relies mainly on comparative-typological and historical-cultural approaches as well as elements of structural-typological and geographical methods of ethnology.
Results. The story contains a number of motives the careful analysis of which allows to establish numerous ethnographic details characteristic of a Sloboda Ukraine fair of the first third of the nineteenth century, such as the existence and organization of business in taverns, patterns of behavior of a soldier-moskal, gypsies/Roma, chumaks (long-distance overland carriers of goods), retail traders in various merchandise, and others.
Conclusion. Microhistorical research through the prism of a literary work allows us to look more closely at the problems of the daily life of the peasantry, to study fair customs and beliefs, and to outline the interconnections and ethnic interaction of different sections of the population. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko’s realistic depiction of a Sloboda Ukraine fair in a large, prosperous settlement was to some extent typical of the region.
Keywords: H.F. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, «A Soldier’s Portrait» («A Grunt’s Portrait»), short story, ethnographic source, fair, trade, everyday life, Sloboda Ukraine, sloboda of Lyptsi, first third of the nineteenth century.
Received 2.02.2020
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