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The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. № 2 (164), 441—459

UDK [94(477.83/.86): 061.22ПРОСВІТА]”18″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2022.02.441

MARKIYAN SHASHKEVYCH — THE BIRTH OF A NATIONAL CULT (1862—1879)

PASHUK Volodymyr

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-1848
  • Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher,Ukraine Department of the I Krypyakevych Institute NAS of Ukraine,
  • Senior Researcher of New History,
  • 4, Kozelnytska Street, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: volparo@gmail.com

Abstract. The importance of the topic is relevant due to the importance of the social studies and lack of research. The main goals are: to find out the processes, actions associated with the emergence of the national cult of M. Shashkevych and to reveal its nature. The relevant actions have been traced as well as its character, trends and the defining components of this phenomenon and importance for social development have been outlined.

The subject of research is: the actions and measures of the Galician gradual movements (for instance, populists and the «Prosvita» Society), aimed at honoring the figure, activities, and  the birth of the national cult of Markiyan Shashkevych. The object of research is: nation-building processes and the Ukrainian socio-political movement in Galicia focused on the formation of modern social institutions.

The methodological base consisted of description, analysis, synthesis. The lack of historiography determined the importance of such sources as the popular publications of that time and the Protocols of the «Prosvita» Society.

The process of origin and creation of this important social institution is clarified. It covered the period of 1862—1879 and was divided into two stages: 1862—1867 and 1868—1879, in which the populists took the first steps and actions to commemorate the «Awakener of Galician Rus».

The result of the study. Based on the analysis of the presented data, it was found out that the emergence of the cult of M. Shashkevych as a national phenomenon involved a number of components:

1) The formation of the ideological basis, which included the creation of a cult image, hence the official attention to this figure and its separation from other prominent people, expressing their sympathy, appreciation of his personality and his activity, addressing to the figure as to a indisputable moral authority in defending their views and actions and as a defining example to follow;

2) Organization of public musical and poetic evenings, which meant the spread of this institution in the elite environment and part of the society;

3) Giving the figure of M. Shashkevych a social scale. He was interpreted as a poet-writer, creator of a new folk (national) literature, and most importantly, as a public figure who determined the national direction of Galician progress. This meant a movement for the implementation and realization of his ideas, ideological positions, which was done by the creators of the cult.

Keywords: Markiyan Shashkevych, Galician populists, national cult of Markiyan Shashkevych, formation of the Ukrainian modern nation, «Prosvita» Society, Galicia of the XIX century.

Received 31.01.2022

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