2014 year, issue 5

Mykhailo Hrushevsky had obviously been great figure of Ukrainian culture. Universality of his personality, productivity of his research-works, activity in the state matters have proven Hrushevsky’s efforts as historian, culturologist, literature expert, art scholar, ethnologist, fictionist, critic, organizer of science and statesman. Truly, he had belonged to a type of Renaissance persons. Forwarding national idea as a dominant one in his work, Hrushevsky had convincingly claimed that pro-Ukrainian attitudes still contained ancient sources of people’s history, language, traditions, millennia of unbroken existence. He had trusted in the fact, that history of the people and folk culture belonged to inseparable entities. History – in Hrushevsky’s view – is the process of people’s self-realization with unique psycho-physical and spiritual characteristics. He had emphasized that world culture realized itself only through national cultures, as in the case of universal values expressed by means of national ones. Concentrated expression for this unity of national and universal matters he had seen in L. Ukrainka’s and O. Oles’ creations. National cultural development had been determined by him as a natural integration of artistic and human values into universal cultural evolution. Mastering of the native language has played quite important role in the implementation of those ideas. This approach might lead not to the «culture of beauty» only but also to a «culture of life».
Keywords: Mykhailo Hrushevsky, nation, history, culture, statehood, national idea, national consciousness, art.

The article has brought analytical study as for the image of tree being polysemantic symbol in T. Shevchenko’s painting. Various semiotic levels of mythological and folklore significance dependent on painter’s conceptions have been considered in comparison of poetic and fine-artistic creations; especial selection of works depicting transformation of landscape tree into deep symbolic figure has been presented.
Keywords: Taras Shevchenko, symbol, tree, figurative dominant.

In the article have been reported some main problems in creative activities by Iryna Hurtovenko (1965—2005), Sumy graphical artist and her interpretation of Shevchenkian theme with consequent analytical consideration of most representative series and sheets.
Keywords: graphical art, Shevchenkian theme, people’s tradition, poetry, series, sheet, image, incarnation.

In the article have been considered some origins in creativeness of Basil Omelіanenko, widely-known artist of clay decorative sculpture, laureate of Taras Shevchenko State Prize from the village of Oposhnya, Poltava oblast. Systematized informations about his childhood and youth have been presented. The potter’s memoirs of 2010—2014 have been put into the ground od this study.
Keywords: Vasyl Omelіanenko, Opishne, childhood, adolescence, clay toys.

On the ground of documentary films have been presented some results of analytical study as for early formative years of the famous potter Ivan Bilyk’s creative growth. In the research-work for the first time have been used newly-edited memoirs by folk artist, not mentioned yet in his official curriculum vitae.
Keywords: Bilyk Ivan Arkhypovych, Taras Shevchenko, Prize, laureate, pottery, ceramics, Opishne.

The article has presented some results of studies in formation of Mykhailo Kytrysh’ creative identity. Description of artist’s progress from an ordinary craftsmanship to the laureateship of Taras Shevchenko State Prize of Ukraine has been exposed. General review of Mykhailo Kytrysh’ pottery in the treasury of National Museum of Ukrainian Ceramics, Opishne has been added.
Keywords: Mykhailo Kytrysh, potter, ceramics, Opishne, Ukraine, Artistic Ceramist factory , Taras Shevchenko State Prize of Ukraine

The article has brought a descriptive study in monumental works by the artist Vasyl Odrekhivsky, namely his sculptures incarnating the image of Taras Shevchenko. Evolving of imagery content as well as artist’s compositional and plastic principles have been considered. The present article is a part of an extended research-work on the development of Ukrainian monumental sculpture at the late XX and early XXI cc.
Keywords: sculpture, Shevchenko, image, figure, monumentality, monument.

The paper has brought an attempt to reconstruct CV and research path of Lyzaveta Levytska (1899–1933) — an art historian, who after graduation of the Kyiv Art Institute took a post-graduate course at the Art Studies Chair. Especial attention has been paid to the reasons that led L. Levytska to studies in murals of people’s lodgings as well as in wooden synagogues and portrait painting. With this aim under analysis have been put L. Levytska’s contributions to a seminars dedicated to Ukrainian folk art (headed by D. Shcherbakivsky) and new Ukrainian art (headed by F. Ernst) in the Kyiv Archaeological Institute and in the Research Department of Art Studies.
Keywords: seminar, Department of Art Studies, post-graduate course, folk house murals, synagogue, portrait.

In the article have been described some research-works by Ukrainian art scholar Danilo Shcherbakivsky (1877—1927) who had been expert in the field of Jewish art; the mentioned data have been considered through the prism of the sсientist’s biography and professional activities in the context of Ukrainian Art. Photographs, pictures, expeditionary diaries and drafts of articles by D. Shcherbakivsky of 1906 to 1926 and other materials taken in the Shcherbakivsky’s fund as well as in the Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have been put under analysis. Quite substantial vo¬lume of items has proven reseacher’s deep systematic interest in monuments of Jewish art as an integral part of Ukrainian art and desire to understand traditional artistic culture of small town (shtetl) in the former Jewish pale of settlement, features of architecture and wall-paintings of the synagogues, ritual objects, the typology of Jewish gravestones and symbols etc. Great value of the receacher’s visual and theoretical heritage for the historiography and present-day science has become more evident in the view of gradual disappearance of Jewish culture.
Keewords: Jewish art, Danilo Shcherbakivsky, archives, diaries, pale of settlement, synagogue, wall-painting, gravestone, iconography, symbols.

In the focus of the following article have been put peasants’ images of Japanese art in the late XIX and the first third of XX cс. as well as some reasons of their spreading and peculiarities of the treatment Development of the rural theme in connection with progress of ethnography and colonial policy has been traced. Among considered materials there are paintings, graphical sheets, sculptures, works of applied ornamental art.
Keywords: Japanese art, modernization, ethnography, colonialism, rural motives, peasants’ images.

The article has been dedicated to the studies in jewellery art by Crimean Tatar nation. Characteristics of traditional jewellery artistry have been presented as well as creative features by contemporary artists who breathe new life into centuries-proven schemes of Crimean Tatar decorative and applied art after their people’s return out of exile.
Keywords: Crimean Tatar nation, jewellery, traditional art, present stage of development.

The article deals with the research study of specifics of artistic interpretation of dramatic works by Belgian symbolist writer M. Meterlink in the illustrative cycles by Sevastopol artist Mikhail Kazas (1889—1918). In connection with that features of perception of poetry and dramaturgy by M. Meterlink are examined in the context of the Russian culture of Silver age, tradition of graphic comprehension of writer’s works and its role in development of illustrative series by M. Kazas are analyzed, figurative and stylistic features of illustrations by M. Kazas for plays «Peleas and Melisandra», «Sister Beatrice», «Princess Malen» (?) are explored, the basic types of interplay of language, dramaturgy and graphics in a figurative text are determined.
Keywords: graphics, illustration, stylization, dekorativism, intermediality.

Three main images of St. George have been put under analytical study: those of martyr, patron, protector. Changes in iconographic types (typified by the sequence of martyr — warrior — rider) have been substanitated under the influence of religious, political and social factors. The meaning of St. George’s image has been considered on the different stages of its cult evolving. The sense of those expressions has been defined by creations of Byzantine art.
Keywords: art criticism, iconography, St. George, Byzantium.

In the article have been presented some results of analytic study in the clothes of the Vestals Virgins, the priestesses of ancient Roman goddess Vesta, patroness of fire. The author has made an attempt to explain liminal state of Vestals in the Roman society by means of their clothes and individual elements. Especial attention has been paid to the colours of the Vestals’ clothes.
Keywords: Vestals, Ancient Rome, liminal (intermediate) position, matrons, brides, white (color), purity (castitas).

The article has deals with historiography of Ukrainian folk lace and knitted wares produced through the period of late XIX to early XXI cc. Literature data and sources have been put under analytic study in thematic units composed after chronologic principle. The thread of arguing has led the author to the statement that notions on knit and lace products were mentioned quite rarely and sporadically – mainly in the context of traditional decorative arts and furnishings – as an independent form of artistry.
Keywords: historiography, knitting, lace, folk art, Ukrainian folk costumes, local features, typology.

In the article have been presented and put under thorough analytical study a series of iconostases still present at the village churches of Ternopil land. The research-work as for technique of paintingrevealed features of artistry and iconography of author as well as Western influences and national trends in the performance of sacral pieces of fine art exposed by consi¬dered iconostases.
Keywords: icon, iconography, iconostasis, style.

In the article have been analyzed wall paintings of the church of Holy Virgin’s Nativity in small, but strong with national spirit and cultural heritage borderland town of Uhniv. The formative artistic principles created by the artist Damian Hornyatkevych have been considered through the figurative and ornamental polychromatic paintings of the temple. Interrelations and connections between characteristic features of the late Art Nouveau styling (called «secession» in its Viennese and Wes-tern Ukrainian variants) and so-called Ukrainian style have been traced and presented.
Keywords: Holy Virgin’s Nativity Church in Uhniv, formative principles, Ukrainian style, wall paintings, Damian Hornyatkevych, historical personalities.

The article has thrown some light upon research-works and creative heritage of 1970s to 1990s by N. Varennya, Honored Artist of Ukraine. The painter had paid deep attention to thorough studies in Hutzul wedding ritualism as well as created true thematic series of artworks. Analytical conclusions concerning the artist’s picturesque heredity has referred it to a number of unique creative and ethnographic sources of exceptional value for art studies, ethnography, regional history and the history of Ukraine.
Keywords: artist, researcher, Hutzul, ethnicity, wedding ritual, Hutzul «vbyrya» (wedding dress), series of paintings, documentary action.

The article explores beads decor of folk clothes from Bukovyna of the first half 20th c. Local artistic and compositional features of Bukovyna items have been determined.
Keywords: glass beads, decoration, glass beads decor, clothes.

In the article have been considered some original all-national and local peculiarities of Ukrainian terracotta ceramics through XІХ to ХХ cc. In the course of study have been discovered main forms, schemes of décor and ornamental compositions, coloring, means and methods of artistic expressiveness of terracotta pottery ware from different regions of Ukraine.
Keywords: terracotta, local peculiarities, forms, décor, ornamental compositions, artistic expressiveness, pottery ware, Ukraine.

In the article have been considered some pre-conditions for origination and development of Yavoriv wood in the aspect of the technology and traditional artistry. Analysis in the key techniques used by folk craftsmen during the 2nd half of XX c. and the effects of changes in techniques have been presented. The study had proved the point that introduction of flat carving into traditional Yavoriv wood belonged to most important elements of local system of artistic crafts.
Keywords: flat carving, wood art, technological aspect, the key techniques and traditions.

The article has presented an analytical study in Eastern influences upon European fashion of XVIІI to early XX cc. with corresponding historical and cultural backgrounds as well as main factors in the development of Eastern influences have been defined. Phenomena of chinoiserie, orientalism, and japanism, their manifestation in European artistic culture of the mentioned period have been traced.
Keywords: Eastern influences, fashion of XVII — beginning of XX centuries, chinoiserie, orientalism, japanism, artistic culture of the East.

The article has exposed some methods in usage of elements derived from Lviv Secession architectural decor for the present-day design of furniture products. The concept of formative process was developed on the ground of ratio between the notions of tradition and innovation, where tradition is understood as an ornamental decor, while innovation is meant as a present-day shaping accordingly to trends of style. The concept got its approbation in the course of tui¬tion aimed at the educational degree of Magister qualified by the Chair of Architecture and Basic Design of Lviv Polytechnic National University.
Keywords: Art Nouveau style, Lviv, architectural decoration, ornament, tradition, innovation, shaping, minimalist design, furniture products, educational process.

The production of Ukrainian animated cartoons has been analyzed as a unique genre of fine art and actor’s skill. Formation of native animation school under conditions of USSR and in the independent Ukraine has been exposed. Characteristics have been given of the contributions by Ukrainian theater and cinema actors, artists, writers, and directors in the development of Ukrainian painted and puppet films.
Keywords: theater, cartoon, studio, director, festival.

This article has thrown light upon the problems of contemporary Chinese art of glass considered in the context of professional art and high artistic education. The author quite well familiar with specifics of tuition in Hangzhou Academy of Arts, has analyzed some most successful manifestation of syntheses including traditional Chinese art and foreign innovations in activities of leading glass artists and art tutors. The mentioned aspect belongs to most important ones in author’s thesis research with main attention paid to the role of creative individuals in the development of artistic and educational processes of the present-day China.
Keywords: China, Hangzhou, artistic glass, art, education, creative personality.

In the article have been presented some factual materials as for the early period of Yuri Mahalevsky’s creative artistry and personal rising in I.Repin’s studio. The artist’s conflict with art criticism through the first decades of XX c. has been put under analytical consideration.
Keywords: Repin school, academism, historical painting, criticism.

The article has presented an analytic study in general directions of artwork search realized in costume design practice during 1950s to 1970s and exemplified by creative works of representatives of Lviv fashion house . Author’s main attention is devoted to evolving of constructive and decorative features wo¬men’s and men’s costumes elaborated by Lviv designers in mentioned period. The role of national stylistics in formation of basic costume decoration, character of stylizations and reconsideration of the Ukrainian «line» in costume modeling have been underlined. The important point in tasks of present article is definition of influence of European fashion on the formation of decoration stylistics, profiling lines and constructive technological solutions.
Keywords: Lviv fashion house, decoration, profiling lines, constructive features.

The article has thrown light upon some peculiarities of traditional women’s chemises produced in Sokal region. Attention has also been paid to the creation principles, decoration and symbolic meaning in traditional ornament. Probation of reasons as for the changes in original appearance of chemises, that took place in evolution of their decorative means and the influence of nearby cultural traditions.
Keywords: Chemise, Sokal, clothes worn next to the skin, embroidery, ornament, decoration.

Analytical review in widely- and less-known specimen of dress, articles and museum collections has forwarded the problem of studies as for the pieces of Western Podilian Ukrainians’ folk clothes through ХIX and the first past ХХ cc. The expanded classification of the Western Podilian Ukrainians’ traditional clothes has been proposed for the first time with taking. into account the Distinctive signs of dress complexes have been taken into account.
Keywords: folk dress, traditional clothes, Ukrainians of Wes¬tern Podilia, collections of museums, classification, costume, body-, waist-, upper-and shoulder clothes, headwear, shoes, adornment, belts, accessories.

In the article have been analyzed some meanings of principles and methods in works of Lobortas Classical Jewellery House, its hand production, experiment and originality. Creative progress of Lobortas is characterized by the usage of traditional technological processes combined with innovative creative approaches. Products have been marked with virtuoso organic synthesis of technical reception and bright artistic expressiveness of imaginative ideas. Unity of all components in creative processes has generated quite high results that form strong ground for development of national jewellery art.
Keywords: Lobortas, jewellery art, hand production, technological processes, traditions, innovations, precious materials.

In the article have been considered some dominants of Kyivan urban architectural environment during XX c.
Keywords: visualization, element, image, facade, composition.