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The Ethnology Notebooks. 2021. № 5 (161), 1167—1173

UDK 94:37.013.43]:008-047.86(477)”1920/1940″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2021.05.1167

ROLE OF SOVIET TEACHERS IN THE DESTRUCTION OF TRADITIONAL NATIONAL CULTURE OF UKRAINIANS IN THE 1920—1940S

KONDRATIUK Olena

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5996-1768
  • Сandidate of History (Ph. D),
  • Head of Department of Ethnology,
  • State Scientific Center of Protection of Cultural Heritage
  • from Technological Disasters,
  • Peremogy ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Kyiv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: lenvin2007@gmail.com

BATYRYEVA Iryna

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-8978
  • Сandidate of History (Ph. D),
  • 18/38, Kropyvnytskoho st., 21050, Vinnytsia, Ukrainе,
  • First Deputy General Director
  • National Museum of the Holodomor Genocide,
  • Contacts: e-mail: angelbat0@gmail.com

Abstract. The research is relevant as it considers the impact of soviet teachers onto the process of traditional Ukrainian lifestyle destruction in 1920ths—1940ths.

The subject and the source base of the research are oral historical testimonies of Ukrainians, archival documents, illustrations (placates), periodicals of the mentioned period.

The goals of the research are: to define the methods and directions of new soviet teachers used to impact onto children’s education in the course of communistic propaganda; to analyze the pressure methods they used for certain group of children (manipulations, intimidations, persecutions and prosecutions); to show how starting from the 1930s, communist totalitarian regime attracted village teachers of Ukraine to «brigades of activists» and how they became both eyewitnesses and participants of forced collectivization and dekulakization (rozkurkulennia), mass repressions, terror, and organizing the crime of the Holodomor genocide against Ukrainian nation in 1932—1933; to analyze the reasons why teachers became active executants of anti-Ukrainian policy of Soviet government which caused collective trauma of the nation; to reveal the changes of traditional family lifestyle, relations between members of Ukrainian family, relationships inside the rural community and deformation of traditional Ukrainian culture.

The methods of structural typology, historical comparison, cross-disciplinary and field researches were used for the goals accomplishment.

Keywords: Soviet teacher, traditional culture, еveryday life, deformation, collective trauma, communist totalitarian regime, the Holodomor genocide.

Received 30.07.2021

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