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« 2023. # 4 (172)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2023. № 4 (172), 877—903

UDK 930.2:[341.485(=161.2):355.355.01(470+571:477)”2022″]

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2023.04.877

GENOCIDE OF THE UKRAINIAN NATION IN 2022: SOURCES, SIGNS, CRIMES

KRYVENKO Anastasiia

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-2919
  • Candidate of Sciences in History, Senior Researcher,
  • the Institute of Ethnology of the National
  • Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
  • The Department of Modern Ethnology,
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: е-mail: n.d.kryvenko@gmail.com

FYLYPCHUK Galyna

  • ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-6706
  • Candidate of Sciences in History, Senior Researcher,
  • the Institute of Ethnology of the National
  • Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
  • The Department of Historical Ethnology,
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: е-mail: galsoloviy@ukr.net

Abstract. The article focuses the main signs and evidence of the intention of the Russian authorities to commit the mass extermination of Ukrainians during a full-scale invasion of Ukraine from February 24, 2022. It discusses the question of the definition of “genocide” and its varieties, defines the main sources for the study of genocidal phenomena, their theoretical and legal component. Examples of crimes of genocide of Ukrainians committed by the Russian Federation in Ukraine, starting from February 24, 2022, are given and analyzed. The study of the chosen topic is especially relevant today, the physical existence of Ukrainians under the conditions of the war against Ukraine provoked by Russian aggression is threatened again. The paper also has a practical purpose — spreading true information about Russia’s crimes, which should be considered acts of genocide against Ukrainians, and refutation of myths relayed by the Russian propaganda machine.

The chronological framework of the study covers the period from February 24 to October 2022. The object of the study is the crimes of genocide committed by the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine during this period. The subject is legal documents, historical and political narratives, oral testimony, documented data, audio and video materials, media publications, the analysis of which proves the genocidal nature of the crimes committed by the Russians in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine after the full-scale invasion.

Thanks to the application of various general scientific and special methods of historical science (comparative-historical, typological, systematic, method of analogy, etc.), it was found that the crimes of Russia on the territory of Ukraine should be interpreted as acts of genocide of Ukrainians.

Keywords: genocide, ethnocide, linguicide, crime, occupation, Russian-Ukrainian war, full-scale invasion.

Received 5.07.2023

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Our authors
Roman Radovych. Researcher, Ph.D. in History. read »
Oksana Kis. Senior scientific employee, candidate of... read »
Kuzmenko Oksana Senior Researcher, Candidate of... read »
Ulana Movna. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. in History. read »
Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
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Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
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On bessarabian and moldavian ukrainians in the studies of historical ethnography
The article has thrown some light upon a sum of scientific findings got during XIX to XXI cc. in historio-ethnographic studies of Bessarabia and Moldavian Ukrainians. In the pre­sent paper has been given author’s answer to the problem of lacking progress as for the numerous themes concerning Ukrainians. State and achievements of the research-works in Ukrainians’ material and spiritual culture by the scientists of Moldavia and Ukraine through the years of independence has been exposed.
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Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
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