Archive
«Narodoznavchi Zoshyty» 2017 year, issue 3 read »
«Narodoznavchi Zoshyty» 2017 year, issue 4 read »
«Narodoznavchi Zoshyty» 2017 year, issue 5 read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. #5 (167). P. 1011-1244 DOI... read »

« 2024. # 4 (178)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 4 (178), 874—882

UDK 929(477)”1909/1930″Р.Данковська

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2024.04.874

RAISA DANKOVSKA (DANKIVSKA) — ETHNOGRAPHER, MUSEOLOGIST

HERUS Lyudmyla

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-3816
  • Doctor of Sciences in History, Сandidate of Аrts (Ph. D),
  • Head of Department,
  • The Institute of Ethnology
  • of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
  • Department of Folk Art,
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: ludmilagerus@gmail.com

Abstract. The processes of globalization, transformation of the structure and contents of consciousness determine the need for new approaches to the study of types of cultural identity. In this regard, the study of cultural memory and, in particular, the biography and intellectual heritage of outstanding personalities as forms of its expression are relevant.

The article purpose is to analyze the biographical information and research work of R. Dankovska in the field of ethnography and museology in the context of the historical and socio-political realities of 1909—1930s, the period of active research and museum-organizational activity of the scientist.

The object of the research is R. Dankovska’s research, museum-organizational activity as a process of formation of personal scientific interests, the subject is a set of sources (biographical information, articles, publications, programs for collecting field materials, etc.) containing information about the personality of scientist R. Dankovska.

The study uses a biographical method to clarify events from the life and work of R. Dankovska. The scientific achievements of the scientist were interpreted using the methods of historiographical analysis and synthesis.

Conclusion. R. Dankovska possessed a high research flair, communicative and organizational skills.

The works of R. Dankovska confied the scientist’s good knowledge of the directions of European humanitarian science. They testify to the scientist’s interest in little-studied phenomena and facts of Ukrainian culture — ritual bread, lamps, fire badges, sledges in the «vecer» ritual, etc. The study of the ceremonial bread of Ukrainians continued the scientific studies of the folklorist and ethnologist Mykola Sumtsov and was correlated with the research of European scientists, in particular the German ethnographer Max Hefler.

During 1922—1929, the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine under the leadership of R. Dankovska acquired the status of a powerful scientific and methodical center.

The scientific heritage of R. Dankovska is a significant contribution to the treasury of Ukrainian scientific thought, which has not lost its relevance.

Keywords: Raisa Dankovska, Ukraine, culture, ethnography, artistic value, museum, collection, artifact, ritual pastry.

Received 17.06.2024

REFERENCES

  • Borysenko, V. (2004). On the Thorny Field of Ukrainian Ethnography: Kateryna Hrushevska, Nina Zaglada, Lidia Shulgina, Yevgenia Spaska, Raisa Dankivska, Sofya Tereshchenko. Ukrainian Women in History (Pр. 78—89). Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
  • Aksyonova, N.V. (2004). The Ethnographic Heritage of Raisa Dankovskaya. Ninth Sumtsov readings. Materials of the Scientific Conference «Museum and Modernity». Kharkiv. Retrieved from: http: http://museum.kh.ua/academic/sumtsov-conference/2003/article.html?n=457 (Last accessed: 18.04.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Pryn’, M.O. (2019). Raisa Serhiyivna Dankivska — Museum Worker, Ethnographer, Director of the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine. The Second All-Ukrainian Museum Forum. Materials of the Scientific and Practical Conference (Pр. 186—189). Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyi [in Ukrainian].
  • Herus, L. (2013). Ritual Bread as an Artifact. Art Studies’13: Scientific collection. (Pр. 29—38). Lviv: SKIM; The Ethnology Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
  • Herus, L. (2023). Research on the Ritual Bread of Ukrainians in the Scientific Heritage of Raisa Dankovska (on the 135th Anniversary of Her Birth). History pages: Collection of Scientific Works (Issue 56, рр. 182—193) [in Ukrainian].
  • Hlushko, M. (2018). Descriptions of the Traditional Material Culture of Ukrainians on the Pages of the Journal «Ethnographic Review» (1889—1916). Folk Art and Ethnology, 5, 45—58 [in Ukrainian].
  • Soshnikova, O.M. Kharkiv Historical Museum: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow (to the 90th Anniversary of the Founding of the Museum of History). Retrieved from: http://museum.kh.ua/academic/sumtsov-conference/2010/article.html?n=91 (Last accessed: 18.04.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Pavlova, O. (2011). The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine (January 1920—1929). Pereyaslavsk Skovorodinivsk studios (Issue 1, рр. 304—309) [in Ukrainian].
  • Chernikova, I.V. (2013). Monument Preservation Activities of the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine (1920s). Collection of scientific works of the H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. «History and Geography» (Issue 49, рр. 170—172) [in Ukrainian].
  • Turinskaya, Kh.M. (2008). Ethnographic Museology in Russia at the End of the 19th — Beginning of the 20th centuries. Moscow [in Russian].
  • Kerimova, M.M. (2012). Kharuzins and Their Participation in the Formation of Russian Ethnographic Museology. Bulletin of the Tver State University. Series: History, 1, 82—99 [in Russian].
  • Borysenko, V.K. (2007). Raisa Serhiyivna Dankivska. Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine: in 30 vol. (Vol. 7, pр. 221—222). Kyiv: IER of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
  • Malyasova, G.V. The activities of D.T. Yanovich at the Stage of Reorganization of the Museum of the Former Stroganov School. 1918—1924. Retrieved from: http://actual-art.org/en/k2012/tezisy-2012/119-ri20/375-yanovich.html (Last accessed: 18.04.2024) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1909). Little Russian Ritual Cookies of the Kursk Governorate. Ethnographic Review, 1 (Book LXXX, pp. 21—34) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R.S. (1909). Wedding Rituals of the Little Russians of Grayvoronsky District in the 1870s. Ethnographic Review, 2—3 (Book LXXXI—LXXXII, pp. 145—159) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R.S. (1909). “Kulik” and “Lestniczka” — RItual Cookies of Fatezh District. Ethnographic Review, 2—3 (Book LXXXI—LXXXII, pp. 173—174) [in Russian].
  • Dankivska, R. (1925). Folk Ceremonial Cookies «Nuts» (On the Occasion of the Collection of «Nuts» in the H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv Museum of Slobid Ukraine). Proceedings of the Ethnographic Society (Book 1, рр. 27—33) [in Ukrainian].
  • Hnatiuk, V.R. (1909). R. Dankovskaya. Little Russian Ritual Cookies of the Kursk Governorate (Ethnographical Review), 1909, 1, 21—34). Proceedings of the T. Shevchenko Scientific Society (Vol. XC, book IV, pp. 236—237) [in Ukrainian].
  • H[natyuk], V. (1911). R.S. Dankovskaya. Wedding Rituals of the Little Russians of Grayvoronsky District in the 1870s. (Ethnographic Review), 1909, book 81—2). Proceedings of the T Shevchenko Scientific Society (Vol. CI, book I, pp. 194) [in Ukrainian].
  • Sumtsov, N.F. (1885). Bread in Rituals and Songs. Kharkiv [in Russian].
  • Alzheimer, H. (1991). Volkskunde in Bayern: Ein biobibliographisches Lexikon der Vorlaufer, Forderer und einstigen Fachvertreter. Wurzburg. Retrieved from: https://fis.uni-bamberg.de/bitstream/uniba/43764/1/BayernOCR_A3a.pdf (Last accessed: 20.04.2024) [in Germany].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1915). Baking of Wedding Round Loaves in Zmiyiv District. Ethnographic Review, 3—4 (Book CVII—CVIII, pp. 88—90) [in Russian].
  • Fradkin, V.Z. (1993). To the History of the Creation and Activity of the Ethnographic Museum KhHPhS. Collection of the Kharkiv Historical and Philological Society. New series (Vol. 1, pp. 5—14) [in Ukrainian].
  • (1925). Tasks and Achievements of the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine (from the publishers). The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 5—6) [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R.S. (1925). History of the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine (from the publishers). The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 7—11) [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1925). The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine. News of the Central Bureau of Local History, 4, 112 [in Russian].
  • (1926—1927). Work of the Museum for 1926 and the beginning of 1927. Bulletin. The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine, 2—3, 3—8 [in Ukrainian].
  • (1927—1928). Museum work from April 1, 1927 to April 1, 1928. Bulletin. The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine, 4—5, 3—7 [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R. (1926—1927). About Sights, Things in Slobozhanshchyna, connected with the Name of Skovorody. Bulletin. The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine, 2—3, 10—24 [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R.S. (1927—1928). Fire Badges of the Slobozhanshchyna of the Past. Bulletin. The H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Slobid Ukraine, 4—5, 37—48 [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovskaya, R.S. (1926). Ethnographic objects at the autumn exhibition of the Museum of Sloboda Ukraine in 1925. Ethnography, 1—2, 303—304 [in Russian].
  • Kerimova, M.M. (2017). The contribution of V.V. Bogdanov and B.M. Sokolov to the creation and development of Russian ethnographic periodicals at the end of XIX — first quarter of XX centuries. Three centuries of Russian ethnography: pages of history (Pр. 102—139). Moscow [in Russian].
  • Dankovska, R. ( 1924). Academician M. Sumtsov, as a Leader of the Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Scientific Collection of the Kharkiv Research Department of the History of Ukraine (Part 1, pp. 23—26). Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
  • (1925). Lectures at the Museum of S. U. The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 29—34) [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovskaya, R.S., & Redin, E.K. (1921). On the Study of Folk Children’s Toys. Voronezh Historical and Archaeological Bulletin, 2, 47—52 [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R., & Sumtsov, N.F. (Ed.). (1925). A Program for Street Observations, mainly during Excursions on the Outskirts of the City and on the villige. The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 37—38) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1925). A Program for Collecting Information about Window Decorations in Homes on the Outskirts of Cities and Villages. The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 40—41) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1925). A Program for Collecting Information about the Holidays of Trinity and Ivan Kupala. The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 44) [in Russian].
  • Dankovskaya, R. (1925). A Program for Collecting Ritual Cookies and Information about them. The Museum of Slobid Ukraine. Bulletin (Part 1, pp. 42—43) [in Russian].
  • Dashkevich, V. (1927). Programs for Ethnographic and Regional Research of Ukraine. Scientific collection of the Kharkiv Research Institute of the History of Ukrainian Culture (Vol. VII, issue 1, pp. 149—165) Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R.S. (1926). Ethnographic Studies of Ukrainian Ceremonial Cookies. Scientific collection of the Kharkiv Research Institute of the History of Ukrainian Culture (Part 2—3, pp. 199—208). Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R. (1927). Ukrainian folk lamps. Part I Luchyna. Kagantsi. Scientific collection of the Kharkiv Research Institute of the History of Ukrainian Culture. Ethnological and local history section (Vol. VII, issue 1, pp. 95—104). Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
  • Dankovska, R. (1929). Sled in the «Dinner» Ceremony (Based on the Collections of the Skovoroda Kharkiv Museum of Slobid Ukraine). Materials for Ethnology and Anthropology (Vol. XXI—XXII, part 1, pp. 289—295) [in Ukrainian]
  • Dankovska, R. (1930). Ukrainian Folk lamps. Part II Candles. Scientific collection of the Kharkiv Research Institute of the History of Ukrainian Culture (Vol. IX, pp. 43—58). Kharkiv [in Ukrainian]
  • St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1710 2006 (SPF ARAN 1710 2006). F. 7. I. 003. № 19 (Dankovskaya Raisa Sergeevna, Senior Archival and Technical Worker of the Moscow Branch of the Archive of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Personal file). Retrieved from: http://db.ranar.spb.ru/ru/work/id/31338/ (Last accessed: 18.04.2024) [in Russian].
  • Kot, S.I. (1993). New Documents on the Fate of Cultural Values transferred from the Museums of the RSFSR to Ukraine. Ukrainian Archeographic Yearbook (Vol. 5, issue 2, pp. 321—333) [in Ukrainian].

Read»

Our authors
Oksana Sapeliak. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. in... read »
Ulana Movna. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. in History. read »
Boliuk Oleh - kandidate of sciences in arts, Doctoral... read »
Olena Fedorchuk. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. read »
Traditional folk clothes of velikobychkovsky hutsuly of XIX — the first half of XX century
In the study based upon numerous field materials, literature sources as well as ethnographic, historio-cultural and regional museum collections has been performed complex analysis in traditional folk clothes by Hutzul population of Velyky Bychkiv village in Transcarpathian region. Detailed descriptions of femi­nine and masculine clothing complexes of the mentioned area have been presented. In characterizing of those main attention has been paid to the detail of cut in separate components of dress; cut of feminine shirt has been added as an illustration.
Read »

Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »

Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »