Archive
2013 year, issue 6 read »
2009 year, issue 1-2 read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2023. № 4 (172). P. 825-1150 DOI... read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2021. #2 (158). P. 253–502 DOI... read »

« 2022. # 3 (165)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. № 3 (165), 691—705

UDK [94:353.8](477.83-22Селисько)”1939/1947″:930.2

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2022.03.691

THE SOVIET AND GERMAN OCCUPATION OF THE VILLAGE OF SELYSKO IN LVIV REGION. FAMINE OF 1941—1942 AND 1947 YEARS

HORBAL Маrіa

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-8336
  • leading scientific editor,
  • The Institute of Ethnology of the National
  • Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail:horbal.m@gmail.com

Abstract. The purpose of the article is to shed light on the life of the village during the Soviet and German occupation in 1939—1947 through the prism of the memories of the residents of the village of Selysko, Lviv Region, now Pustomytivsky District (geographical boundaries of the study), with the involvement of historical sources and archival materials (chronological boundaries of the study).

The relevance of the topic is due to the return from oblivion, the reproduction of the historical events of this area that go into the past. These include the occupation of the village by the Red Army on September 22, 1939, the deportation of villagers of other nationalities (Poles, Germans, Jews), the period of collectivization and taxes from the peasants, the famine in the fall of 1941 — the spring of 1942, the occupation of the village by German troops in mid-July 1941 year (the peasants were taken to Germany for forced labor) the occupation of the village for the second time by Russian-Bolshevik troops, the famine of 1947. These questions are the subject of research.

Much attention is paid to the moral and psychological state of the peasantry, its leaders, whose demoralization was influenced by the occupation regimes. After all, with the arrival of Soviet-Bolshevik power, repressions begin. Symbols sacred to Galicians were banned: the blue-yellow flag and trident, the anthem. That is, the implementation of Soviet policy related to the Sovietization of the region, staffing, ideological component and activities of the NKVD members began.

The life history of this village of the outlined period is mirrored by the life of villagers throughout Western Ukraine.

The research methodology is based on the application of the principles of scientificity, objectivity and historicism, and in the process of studying the material, the method of historical reconstruction and field ethnographic research was used, in particular interviewing and photographing respondents.

Keywords: Selsko village, Lviv region, 1939, collectivization, famine of 1941—1942, German-fascist occupation, Bolshevik occupation, famine of 1947.

Received 21.07.2022

REFERENCES

  • Dudykevich, R. (Without raw data). Memories [in Ukrai­nian].
  • Baran, V.K. (2009). Ukraine: Western lands: 1939—1941. Lviv [in Ukrainian].
  • Schematism for the year 1924. (1924). Lviv: Order of the High Clergy [in Ukrainian].
  • A village in the western regions of Ukraine: social transformations (September 1939 — June 1941). Retrieved from: https://mydisser.com/ru/avtoref/view/12981.html (Last accessed: 15.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].
  • DALO. F. R-285. Op. 1. Ref. 11. Ark. 24 [in Ukrainian].
  • Melnyk, Nadia. (2022). Gabrusevichi Priestly family. Lviv [in Ukrainian].
  • Hauchman, Mykhailo, Lviv pogrom. (This day in history). Retrieved from: https://www.jnsm.com.ua/h/0630T/ (Last accessed: 15.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].
  • Lukyaniuk, Volodymyr. Act of Proclamation of the Ukrainian State. (This day in history). Retrieved from: https://www.jnsm.com.ua/h/0630N/ (Last accessed: 15.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].
  • DALO. F. R-35. Op. 2. Spr. 170. Ark. 1 [in Ukrainian].
  • Lutsky, Oleksandr. Social assistance to the residents of Prykarpattia (autumn 1941 — summer 1942). Retrieved from: http://history.org.ua/JournALL/xxx/xxx_2011_16/22.pdf (Last accessed: 15.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].
  • Holodomor in Ukraine (1946—1947). Retrieved from: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80_ %D0%B2_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%96_(1946%E2%80%941947) (Last accessed: 15.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].

Read»

Our authors
Olena Fedorchuk. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. read »
Oksana Kis. Senior scientific employee, candidate of... read »
Kuzmenko Oksana Senior Researcher, Candidate of... read »
Olena Nykorak. Senior Researcher, Doctor of Arts read »
Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
Read »

Boikos’ pandemonium: categories of evil deceased
In the article have been presented some research-work on peculiarities of Boikos’ traditional demonological notions as for so-called evil deceased; on the basis of field records and ethnological literary sources quite a number of scum categories have been defined as well as essential habits, modes of behavior and functions of these personages of people’s demonology.
Read »

Traditional folk clothes of velikobychkovsky hutsuly of XIX — the first half of XX century
In the study based upon numerous field materials, literature sources as well as ethnographic, historio-cultural and regional museum collections has been performed complex analysis in traditional folk clothes by Hutzul population of Velyky Bychkiv village in Transcarpathian region. Detailed descriptions of femi­nine and masculine clothing complexes of the mentioned area have been presented. In characterizing of those main attention has been paid to the detail of cut in separate components of dress; cut of feminine shirt has been added as an illustration.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »