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« 2021. # 4 (160)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2021. № 4 (160), 900—908

UDK75.046:27-312.55]-043.86(477)”16/17″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2021.04.900

ARTISTIC EVOLUTION OF THE APOSTLE’S IMAGES IN THE UKRAINIAN ICON PAINTING OF THE 17th—18th CENTURIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CULTURAL TRANSFER THEORY

LЕVYTSKA Mariana

  • ОRCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-4470
  • PhD, Assistant professor,
  • Senior Research Scholar,
  • Department of Art History
  • The Ethnology Institute of NASU,
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine.
  • Contacts: e-mail: m.levytska@gmail.com

LESIV Andriy

  • ОRCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-7496
  • PhD, Senior Research Scholar
  • Department of Art History
  • The Ethnology Institute of NASU
  • 15, Svobody Avenue, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: lesiv@nas.gov.ua

Abstract. Problem statement. When studying causes and consequences of artistic transformations in Ukraine, one cannot avoid the issue of artistic influences (acquaintance, adaptation, rejection) in a wide temporal and territorial perspective. One of the aspects that well illustrates this broad field of art studies is the exploration of a certain narrow group of images is the cultural transfer theory, which is the paper’s methodological basis.

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the artistic evolution of the Apostles’ images in Ukrainian iconography in the 17th—18th centuries, considering the influences and citations from Western European painting and engravings. The research’s subject is the genesis and development of iconography’s style in Ukraine in the 17th—18th centuries, and the influence of Western European artistic traditions on it. The study focused on some of the most characteristic examples of the Apostles’ iconography, which can be regarded as an example of cultural transfer, in other words, the transfer of certain artistic schemes with their alteration according to the local requirements and expectations.

In particular, Jan Sadeler’s «the Last Supper» was considered as a model for several paintings in various variations, such as Pedro Ruiz De Salazar’s «the Last Supper» at the Cathedral of Santo Domingo de la Calzada in Spain in the mid-17th century, as well as for several the Last Supper icons in the Ukrainian icon painting of that period. Regarding the samples of the 18th c. Luka Dolynskyy’s life trajectory and artistic manner well represented the concept of cultural transfer.  Most characteristic images of apostles painted by L. Dolynskyy for Uniate churches are compared with their West European prototypes, dated to the same period.

Results of the research. It was found that evolution of the new iconography and stylistics in sacral painting of the 17th—18th centuries were caused by patrons or clients, mainly the Church and local parishes, who endeavoured to «modernize» the tradition. Both patrons and painters have been interested in new iconographic samples, represented in Western ecclesiastic prints and engravings.

Keywords: cultural transfer theory, Ukrainian icon painting, images of apostles, illustrated Bibles, graphic samples.

Received 5.08.2021

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