Archive
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2020. # 4 (154). С. 757–1012 DOI... read »
2011 year, issue 4 read »
2013 year, issue 6 read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. # 3 (177). P. 483-??? DOI... read »

« 2023. # 2 (170)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2023. № 2 (170), 426—434

UDK069:908]:745.51(477.86-22)

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2023.02.426

WOODEN ART IN THE COLLECTION OF THE DELYATIN LOCAL HISTORY MUSEUM

TYPCHUK Victoria

  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5244-2981
  • PhD in Art Studies, Associate Professor,
  • Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University,
  • 57, Shevchenko Street, 76000, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: typchuk@gmail.com

Abstract. The collection of the Delyatyn Museum was replenished with woodworking exhibits from this region dating back to the first third of the twentieth century It became the basis for writing the article and determined its relevance and novelty. A significant asset of the museum collection was the items of church equipment by the local craftsman Vasyl Turchynyak from the village of Lug near Delyatyn.

The master, who was born in 1864 and died in 1939, refrained from the technical innovations of Hutsul flat carving (metal and wood decoration) in his work, and worked within the ancient folk tradition. Attention to his creative heritage, church interiors, namely iconostases, vestibules, altars, arks, seats, is focused on the decoration with flat carvings, monumental in sound, which the folk craftsman adapted technically and compositionally to be perceived at the distance.

Information about the artistic wood of Hutsul masters, whose works are stored in the Delyatyn Museum of Local History, complements the knowledge of the local features of the woodworking centers of the Carpathian region. A small collection reveals the state of development of this craft in the region: it illustrates the fact of the existence of the tradition of flat carving in this territory until the middle of the 20th century. (we assume that it is the longest in the Hutsul Region), then the extinction of folk crafts in the 1950s and 1970s and the work on the preservation of artifacts today. It is also a good material for researching traditional and new aesthetic features of the artistic process in folk art.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the objects of wooden art in the collection of the museum, their system of decoration. The object of research is the objects and elements of the church equipment of the master Vasyl Turchynyak in the collection of the Museum of Local Lore in Delyatyn, and the subject is the identification of the artistic features.

The source base. Works from the exposition of the Delyatyn Museum of Local Lore, materials of the author’s field research, as well as publications of Ukrainian historians, ethnographers, and art critics, as well as information received from respon dents.

The methodological basis — formal-typological, art analysis, interviewing, and photo-fixing.

Keywords: wooden art, woodworking, ornamental motifs, Vasyl Turchynyak, Museum of Local FolkLore, Delyatyn, Hut sul region.

Received 16.03.2023

REFERENCES

  • Sichynskyj, V. (1956). History of Ukrainian art (Vol. 1: Architecture). New-York: NTSh in America [in Ukrainian].
  • Hoshko, Yu. H. (Ed.). (1987). Hutsul region: Historical and ethnographic research Hutsil region. Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
  • Shukhevych, V.O. (1997). Hutsulshchyna Reprint reproduction of the 1899 text. Verkhovyna [in Ukrainian].
  • Domashevskyi, M. (Ed.). (1995). History of Hutsul region (Vol. I.). Chykaho; L’viv; (1985). (Vol. II). Chykaho; (1986). (Vol. III). Chikaho; (1999). (Vol. IV). L’viv: Lohos; (2000). (Vol. V). Lviv: Lohos. (2001). (Vol. VI.). Lviv: Lohos [in Ukrainian].
  • Kravtsiv, V., & Klymyshyn, M. (Ed). (1975). Almanac of the Stanislavsky land (Vol. 1). New York; Toronto; Munich [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, M., & Pylyp’iuk, M. (Ed). (1994). Transcarpathian route. Strahor. A book about the Hadvirnian region (Pp. 78—81). L’viv: Svitlo i tin’ [in Ukrainian]; Klapchuk,M., & Klapchukm V. (1995). Nadprutta temples. Annals of Krasnoya Kalina, 4—6, 53—54 [in Ukrainian]; Klapchuk, M., & Klapchuk, V., & Domashevs’kyj, M. (Ed). (1999). Forests and sawmills of Delyatyn region in 1880—1939. History of Hutsul region (Vol. IV, pp. 300—313). L’viv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
  • Stankevych, M. (2002). Ukrainian artistic tree of the 16th—20th centuries. L’viv [in Ukrainian].
  • Odrekhivs’kyj, R.V. (2006). Sacred wood carving in Galicia in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century: History and artistic features. L’viv: Poster [in Ukrainian].
  • Mozdyr, M. (1980). Ukrainian folk wooden sculpture. Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
  • Kravchenko, Ya. (1999). To the dictionary of masters wooden construction of the Carpathians. Chytannia pamiati Sviatoslava Hordynskoho (Pp. 88—109) [in Ukrainian].
  • Boliuk, O. (2020). Artistic tree in churches: based on the materials of the western regions of Ukraine. L’viv: Instytut narodoznavstva NAN Ukrainy [in Ukrainian].
  • Mel’nyk, I. (2017). The artistic tree of the Hutsul region: artistic and stylistic features of the crafts of the Delyatyn region (on the materials of expeditionary research). The Ethnology notebooks, 5, 1173—1176 [in Ukrainian].
  • Lahodyns’ka, H. (1938). Art treasures in a remote corner. Nasha Bat’kivschyna (Pp. 259—260) [in Ukrainian].
  • Laschuk, Yu.P. (1955). Vasyl Turchenyak (Turych) (1864—1939), a people’s architect and carver-decorator. Examination of the work of the folk architect and carver-decorator from Subcarpathia. Kyiv. Manuscript. P. 10 (Archive of Laschuk, Yu., item 398) [in Ukrainian].
  • Korohods’kyj, R. (1992). Revival of sources. Fine arts, 1, 38—40 [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, M.M., & Klapchuk, V.M. (2000). Historical and ethnographic essay of the Delyatyn region (from the earliest times to 1939). Deliatyn [in Ukrainian].
  • Typchuk, V. (2002). Art traditions and innovation in the works of Vasyl Turchinyak 1900—1939 years. (Extended abstract of PhD dissertation). L’viv [in Ukrainian];
  • Typchuk, V., & Mysiuk, A. (Eds.). (2021). Osyp Vaskiv and Vasyl Turchyniak: Memory of outstanding compatriots: Diptych book. L’viv: Kameniar [in Ukrainian].
  • Flys, S. The phenomenon of Vasyl Turchynyak. Retrieved from: http://naskryzhalyah.blogspot.com/2016/02/blog-post_18.html (Last accessed: 20.12.2022) [in Ukrainian]; Flyc, S., Typchuk, V., & Mysiuk, A. (Eds.). (2021). Carver from God. Osyp Vaskiv and Vasyl Turchyniak: Memory of outstanding compatriots: Diptych book (Pp. 41—45). L’viv: Kameniar [in Ukrainian]; Flys, S., Prokhasko, T. Typchuk, V., & Mysiuk, A. (Eds.). (2021). Socrates of the Luh. Osyp Vaskiv and Vasyl Turchyniak: Memory of outstanding compatriots: Diptych book (Pp. 46—50). L’viv: Kameniar [in Ukrainian].
  • Skavron, B. NeprOstyj hutsul’s’kyj majster. Zbruc. Retrieved from: https://zbruc.eu/node/29929 (Last accessed: 20.12.2022) [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, M., & Klapchuk, V., Typchuk, V., Mysiuk, A. (Eds.). (2021). Vasyl Turchyniak is a luminary of Ukrainian folk and church carving. Osyp Vaskiv and Vasyl Turchyniak: Memory of outstanding compatriots: Diptych book (Pp. 65—66). L’viv: Kameniar [in Ukrainian].
  • Taras, Ya. (2021). The figure of master Vasyl Turchynyak, the builder of the Church of St. Yuri in the village of Duliby of the Stryi district. The Ethnology notebooks, 2 (158), 34—35 [in Ukrainian].
  • Odrekhivskyi, R. (2018). Ukrainian national revival and development of the art of carving in Galicia: the end of the 19th  the beginning of the 20th century. Visnyk Natsional’noi akademii kerivnykh kadriv kul’tury i mystetstv, 2, 239—243 [in Ukrainian]; Odrekhivskyi, R. (2022). Worldview foundations in the artistic work of the masters of church carving in Galicia (the end of the 19th — the first third of the 20th century). The Ethnology notebooks, 1 (163), 31—35 [in Ukrainian].
  • Boliuk, O. (2018). Wooden ceremonial and utilitarian arrangement of Ukrainian churches of the 16th — mid-20th centuries: development and influencing factors.
  • The Ethnology notebooks, 6 (144), 1561—1577 [in Ukrainian]; Boliuk, O. (2018). Functional, tectonic, symbolic structure of the wooden equipment of the church in the space of the Sacrament of the Eucharist. The Ethnology notebooks, 5 (143), 1106—1123 [in Ukrainian]; Boliuk, O. (2017). Art history studies of artistic woodwork in the church: a brief overview of the historiography of the problem. The Ethnology notebooks, 5 (137), 1019—1037 [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, V.M. (2007). A famous researcher of Prykarpattia  Mykhajlo Klapchuk. In Klapchuk, V.M. & Klapchuk, M.M. Delyatynshchyna: historical and geographical research (Pp. 7—16). Deliatyn: Foliant [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, V. (1996). Great carver of the past. Hutsulshchyna. Culture and lifestyle of the population of the Ukrainian Carpathians, 2 (48), 12—13 [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, M. (1972). Writing tables of Delyatyn region. Kul’tura ta pobut naselennia Ukrains’kykh Karpat (Pp. 53—55). Uzhhorod [in Ukrainian].
  • Klapchuk, V.M., & Klapchuk, M.M. (2007). Home crafts and crafts. Delyatynshchyna: historical and geographical research (Pp. 324—582). Deliatyn: Foliant [in Ukrainian].
  • Typchuk, V. (2000). Master builder from Delyatyn Oblast Vasyl Turchynyak. Ukrainian Academy of Arts, 7, 181—188 [in Ukrainian].
  • Typchuk, V. M. (2002). Artistic traditions and innovation in the work of Vasyl Turchynyak 1900—1939. (PhD dissertation). Lviv Academy of Arts [in Ukrainian].
  • (1936, February 9). New Age Illustrated Chronicle (Appendix) [in Ukrainian].
  • Flys, S. (2015). Hutsul miracle. Ivano-Frankivs’k: Nova zoria [in Ukrainian].

Read»

Our authors
Yaroslav Taras. Head of Department, Professor, Doctor... read »
Ulana Movna. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. in History. read »
Oksana Sapeliak. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. in... read »
Oksana Kis. Senior scientific employee, candidate of... read »
Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »

Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
Read »

On bessarabian and moldavian ukrainians in the studies of historical ethnography
The article has thrown some light upon a sum of scientific findings got during XIX to XXI cc. in historio-ethnographic studies of Bessarabia and Moldavian Ukrainians. In the pre­sent paper has been given author’s answer to the problem of lacking progress as for the numerous themes concerning Ukrainians. State and achievements of the research-works in Ukrainians’ material and spiritual culture by the scientists of Moldavia and Ukraine through the years of independence has been exposed.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »