Archive
«Narodoznavchi Zoshyty» 2014 year, issue 5 read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. #2 (164). P. 265-522 According to the materials of the... read »
The Ethnology Notebooks. 2021. #5 (161). P. 1033– DOI... read »
«Narodoznavchi Zoshyty» 2014 year, issue 1 read »

« 2024. # 1 (175)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 1 (175), 220—

UDK [398.332.416:398.8](=161.2)”2022/2024″:801.81

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2024.01.220

CHRISTMAS CONGRATULATIONS 2022—2024: FEATURES OF POETICS

ZAVADSKA Viktoriia

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6411-4926
  • Ph. D. in Philological Sciences,
  • Associate Professor of the Department of Ukrainian Language, Literature and Culture,
  • Faculty of Linguistics,
  • National Technical University of Ukraine;
  • «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»,
  •  37, Beresteyskyi Avenue, 03056, Kyiv, Ukraine,
  • Contacts: e-mail: ptits@ukr.net

Abstract. The article examines the Christmas and New Year greetings (carols, Christmas songs, congratulatory texts) at the time of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, analyzes the peculiarities of the poetics of these texts, the specifics of their functioning, and methods of retransmission. The purpose of the article is to consider all the listed features, compare modern military greetings with traditional texts, analyze the nature of innovations, and draw conclusions about the peculiarities of Christmas carols on the Internet and their folklore nature.

The relevance of the material is determined by the fact that we are investigating the living process of the latest folkloric creation, when not only new texts for folk melodies appear, but traditional carols are actively changing, being filled with new images, localized in time. We discuss the problem of folklore; emphasize the difference between «folklorism» and «folklorization» of the text; we conclude that the text is to be considered folklore when it is perceived by the folk environment as natural and begins to be transmitted, acquiring changes, additions or reductions at the same time — it is folklorized.

Keywords: Russian-Ukrainian war, war carols, war Christmas songs, war congratulation, carol’s poetry, Ukrainian folklore, folklorization, folklorism, traditional carol, Internet folklore.

Received 1.02.2024

REFERENCES

  • Kuzmenko, O. (2009). Rifleman Songs: Folklorism, Folklorization, Folklore. Lviv [in Ukrainian].
  • Kuzmenko, O. (2015). Ethical and aesthetic dominants of the image of the enemy in Ukrainian folklore about the First World War (the image of the «Moscow». Materials of the scientific and practical conference «Eight All-Ukrainian scientific folkloristic readings, dedicated to Professor Lidia Dunaevska» (Pp. 6—8) Kyiv. Retrieved from: https://www.academia.edu/33027124/Етико_естетич­ні_домінанти_образу_ворога_в_українському_фольклоріпро_Першу_світову_війну_образ_москаля_[in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook. Natalia Pipa, 27.12.2023 Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=9011391778 08570 (Last accessed: 24.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Grigorenko, I. (2019). Internet folklore: basic theoretical approaches to defining the concept. Humanitarian corpus: collection of scientific articles on current problems of philosophy, cultural studies, psychology, pedagogy and history (Issue 23, vol. 1, pp. 70—72). Retrieved from: http://enpuir.npu.edu.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/28647/Hryhorenko_70_72.рdf?sequence=1 [in Ukrainian].
  • Day, O., & Rylskyi, V. (Ed.). (1965). Ukrainian folk art. Carols and gifts: Winter ritual poetry of the working year. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. Retrieved from: https://chtyvo.org.ua/authors/Dei_Oleksii/Koliadky_i_schedrivky_vyd_1965/ [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook. Na Paryzhi, 01.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=3590884633 92153 (Last accessed: 24.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Message on Viber from Omelchenko Yu., 52 years old, 27.12.2022 [in Ukrainian].
  • Message on Viber from Ivannikova L., 59 years old. December 2022, recorded in Kryvchytsa (Lviv) [in Ukrainian].
  • Krasykov, M. (2004). «I am not a man, but a German». Folklore materials. Ethnic history of the peoples of Europe: a collection of scientific works. (Issue 17, pp. 126—132). Kyiv. Retrieved from: http://ethnic.history.univ.kiev.ua/data/2004/17/articles/20.pdf [in Ukrainian].
  • Viber video message from I. Solyanyk, born in 1986, 07.01.2023 [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook, Zashkovychi Oleg Voytiv, 25.12.2022. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/oleg.voytiv/videos/2326940327465429?idorvanity=260871604996045&locale=uk_UA (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by Pavlo. 06.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@paveldulodii2000/video/ 7185570882570505478?q=y.yevchenko%20%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0&t=1706037217547 (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Orcs ask not to call Russians Orcs! UAnimals. 17.08.2022. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpJ ou5bpx9w&t=6s&ab_channel=UAnimals (Last accessed: 24.01.2024).
  • Video on Facebook, I love that Lviv so much that we lack words, 25.12.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=191525020706834 (Last accessed: 24.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Ivannikova, L. «And the enemy cut himself down». Biblical motif in the folklore of Southern Ukraine, 18.04.2022. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid035cnZcN5a74xx9BR79c9bm4ojjNzo9bLJHccENnrsTRGsxSVU3FCgK2DebW9cfQrzl&id=100013493651062 (Last accessed: 01.02.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • Liudmyla Gorova. Hello. What is there, how are you there, God? 10.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/LiudmylaHorova/posts/pfbid02jXjVHYCx6dCSUHk96nkKcv86SGgMan2qVUBcoEu2onoiftzJUbvQ2mg7TXcJVJKsl (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook, Center of Culture and Leisure in Shostka, 06.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=531280532094324 (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Message on Viber from Ivannikova L., 59 years old, 19.12.2022 [in Ukrainian].
  • Message on Facebook from Ivannikova L., 60 years old, 19.12.2023 [in Ukrainian].
  • Post on Facebook by Zinaida Kosytska, 07.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/zinaida.kosytska.3/posts/pfbid023E3ymMkf9cXVrC2tskQYpavBTuJtX6zSgLGxzSNPMYs7NweU1ctZsqbHknryhj2Tl (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Today, the Christmas of the Child of God is a carol. Wassailer. Ternopil, 09.01.2019. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkAt-gzIdGY&ab_channel=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BATernopil. (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by bogus_fesyk, 14.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@bogus_fesyk/video/7188404617418444038?q=mailto%3A%40bogus_fesyk&t=1678447934355 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • Post on Facebook by Zinaida Kosytska, 07.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/zinaida.kosytska.3/posts/pfbid02H5jHG2VErtVRex2H4mwzHVhMGFJyxknWPr5hkhfbn6sBVhDoZimB6E6kipavQoPdl (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Good evening to you, master! Rejoice, earth, your people are reborn! Music of the free people/Ukrainian hits, 07.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNVYaULoGKQ (Last accessed: 14.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • Video in the Telegram channel of the Sarna City Council, 13.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://t.me/sarnyrada2022/3878 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • Post on Facebook by Music for you, 08.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=8974906­44823337 (Last accessed: 14.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • A sad Christmas Eve in the year 23, the Renaissance ND group, Stari Strilyshcha, Anna Neupokoeva, 18.12.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22weJoy-0Yc&ab_channel=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook, Mykola Akordych Sword of Heroes, 25.12.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1020445189068506%20https://fb.watch/pPcNNW29k1/ (Last accessed:14.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook, newspaper «Shepetivsky Visnyk», 31.12.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=742892410623292 (Last accessed:14.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Video on Facebook, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 26.12.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=401486072310140 (Last accessed: 14.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by Aleksandrstanovskij, 07.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@aleksandrstanovskij/video/7185867287138684165 (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • Ukrainian carol for the New Year and Christmas 2024. Karina Lavet, 19.12.2022. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W706j4pYHj4&ab_channel=%D0%9D%D0%90%D0%91%D0%86%D0%A1 (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by tanya_yanchitska, 01.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@tanya_yanchitska/video/7183682487170714886 (Last accessed: 23.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by Julia Neterebskaya, 06.01.2023. Retrieved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@julianeterebskaya/video/7185537985230818565?q=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B8%202023&t=1678451894327 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by alina17051,26.12.2022. Retrie­­ved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@alina17051/vi­deo/ 71813 51372007214341?q=%22%D0%B4%D0 %B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%20%D1%82% D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%20% D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%22&t=1706350655485 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by annasenyk, 01.12.2022. Re­trie­ved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@ann.a_senyk/vi­deo/ 7172150382171360518?q=%22%D0%B4%D0% B0%D0%B9%D1 %82%D0% B5%20%D1%82 %D1%9 6%D1%8 2%D 0%BA%D0%BE%20%D0%BD% D0%B0 %20 %D0%BC%D0%BE% D0%B4%D0% B5%D0 %BC%22&t=1706350655485 (Last accessed: 25.01.2023) [in Ukrainian].
  • TikTok videos, published by fonzwilling, 07.01.2024. Retri­e­ved from: https://www.tiktok.com/@fonzwilling/video/732141880862 1567237?q=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1% 8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B8%202023%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%20%D0% B2%D0 %BE%D 0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83&t=1706450537422 (Last accessed: 25.01.2024) [in Ukra­inian].

Read»

Our authors
Roman Radovych. Researcher, Ph.D. in History. read »
Kuzmenko Oksana Senior Researcher, Candidate of... read »
Olena Fedorchuk. Senior Research Fellow, Ph.D. read »
Boliuk Oleh - kandidate of sciences in arts, Doctoral... read »
Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »

Traditional folk clothes of velikobychkovsky hutsuly of XIX — the first half of XX century
In the study based upon numerous field materials, literature sources as well as ethnographic, historio-cultural and regional museum collections has been performed complex analysis in traditional folk clothes by Hutzul population of Velyky Bychkiv village in Transcarpathian region. Detailed descriptions of femi­nine and masculine clothing complexes of the mentioned area have been presented. In characterizing of those main attention has been paid to the detail of cut in separate components of dress; cut of feminine shirt has been added as an illustration.
Read »

On bessarabian and moldavian ukrainians in the studies of historical ethnography
The article has thrown some light upon a sum of scientific findings got during XIX to XXI cc. in historio-ethnographic studies of Bessarabia and Moldavian Ukrainians. In the pre­sent paper has been given author’s answer to the problem of lacking progress as for the numerous themes concerning Ukrainians. State and achievements of the research-works in Ukrainians’ material and spiritual culture by the scientists of Moldavia and Ukraine through the years of independence has been exposed.
Read »