« 2024. # 6 (180)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2024. № 6 (180), 1461—1473

UDK 75.046.3:[37.016:743]]:[378.4:611](477-25+436-25)”16/17″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/

PLASTIC ANATOMY IN THE ART EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF KYIV AND VIENNA IN THE 18th CENTURY

KUPCHYNSKA Larysa

• ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6461-4819
• Candidate of Art History, Associate Professor,
• Director Research Institute for Art Library Resources;
• Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv,
• 2, Stefanyka Street, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
• Contacts: e-mail: oklarysa@gmail.com

Abstract. This article is about teaching of plastic anatomy in Kyiv Lavra Art School, which was established back in the 17th century. The book «Drawings of Kyiv Lavra Icon Painting Workshop: Album-Catalog» (Kyiv, 1982) by Pavlo Zholtovsky was taken as a basis, where the training drawings of the schoolers dated from 1728 to 1760 can be found. It brought on fundamental scientific works by many Ukrainian researchers in the following decades. The educational process of Kyiv Lavra Art School remained outside their attention, which proves the relevance of the chosen topic. The purpose of the article is to reveal the methodology for teaching of plastic anatomy at Kyiv Lavra Art School in the context of the achievements of other educational institutions in Europe. The article states that the schoolers had various anatomical textbooks available, and analyses those that were already known in the literature. Besides, the edition prepared by Luca Ciamberlano using the artworks of the Carracci brothers is analysed. It has been proven that back in the 17th century the students of Kyiv Lavra Art School were familiar with the traditions of Bologna Academy of Arts, where anatomy was studied by dissection of the human body. The great losses suffered by Kyiv Art School were compensated by the study of teaching of the subject at Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, whose students had the opportunity to attend classes at the University of Vienna, where the department of anatomy had been working since 1735, before an anatomy teacher came to teach at the school. This indirectly proves that the schoolers of Kyiv Art School could study anatomy at Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, which was up to standard of the leading universities of the time. The high level of teaching of medicine, including anatomy, is evidenced by the projects of Kyrylo Rozumovsky and the large book collection, containing the best works by scientists of the past and present. Today, it is safe to say that the students of Kyiv Lavra Art School studied plastic anatomy at the level of other European art schools, taking into account their experience.

Keywords: Kyiv Lavra Art School, training drawings, plastic anatomy, Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, University of Vienna, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.

Received 5.11.2024

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