« 2020. # 6 (156)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2020. # 6 (156), 1383—1388

УДК 801.81:82.163.4-42

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2020.06.1383

Yaroslav HARASYM

  • ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-1287
  • Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
  • Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Academician
  • Filaret Kolessa Department of Ukrainian Folkloristics
  • 1, Universytetska Str., 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
  • e-mail: jaroslav.harasym@gmail.com

SOCIOECONOMIC OPPOSITION «THE RICH/THE POOR» AND MORAL AND ETHICAL IMPERATIVE OF THE NATION (based on the Ukrainian and Polish songs of the 19th century)

Theme outline. Scholarly reception of historical stages of the economic theory development and of the periodic changes in the economic activity is directly related to the issue of shaping social strata and hence to the moral-ethical code of their co-existence both within the monoethnic social structure and in the international communication. Property-related stratification of post-feudal society, gradual loss of the privileges inherited from ancestors and predictable democratization of political atmosphere led to the establishment of fixed stereotypization of axiological categories “wealth/poverty” in the world outlook of the European nations of the 19th century and their axiological paradigm.Historiographic reception of this issue places a significant importance to folk songs inasmuch they reflect the view of the people on their own history, and therefore they appear to be a valuable source to complement the written archive records and authored chronological factual account (subject matter of the research).

Chronological boundaries of the research —end of the 18th  — early 19th centuries.

Objective of the research — to identify the moral-ethical panorama, focused on the approach to the socially polar (in terms of financially material background) strata of the Ukrainian and Polish communities, in the folk songs the proliferation whereof was acknowledged by the records throughout the 19th century, and to establish the ethno-psychological factors which could contribute to the formation of national cultural behavioural stereotypes in evaluation of “wealth/poverty” in the process of sociocultural evolution of the nation.

Topicality of the paperis defined by the fact that this issue is highlighted in the Ukrainian scholarly research for the first time.

Conclusions: All in all, in the existential context the moral-ethical directedness of the considered social-everyday songs in the Polish and Ukrainian oral traditions for the most part avoids promoting behavioural utilitarianism in its aspiration for incessant enrichment, tending instead to glorify good old virtue.

Methods of research —comparative, typological and structural-functional.

Keywords: folk songs, ethnoethical canon, mentality, axiological paradigm, social hierarchy, stereotype.

REFERENCES

  • Drahomanov, M. (2006). New Ukrainian songs about public affairs (1764—1880). Introductory article, textual elaboration and commentary by M. Chornopysky. Lviv: Litopys [in Ukrainian].
  • Holovatsky, J. (Ed.). (1878). Folk songs of Galician and Hungarian Russia: in 3 part. (Part 1: Thoughts and Thoughts). Moscow: Ed. Imp. Islands of History and Antiquities of Russia at Moscow Un-te [in Ukrainian].
  • Harasym, J. (2008). Ethnoaesthetics of Vasyl Stefanyk. Mythology and folklore, 1, 62—68) [in Ukrainian].
  • Drahomanov, M. (1883). Political songs of the Ukrainian people of the XVIII—IX centuries. In Mykhailo Drahomanov. Part one. Section one. Geneva: Hromada Printing House [in Ukrainian].
  • (1878). Collection of information on national anthropology (Vol. 2). Krakow: At the Printing House of the Jagiellonian University [in Polish].
  • Haidai, M. (1972). Folk ethics in the folklore of Eastern and Western Slavs (The problem of good and evil). Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
  • (1892). Collection of information on national anthropology (Vol. XV). Krakow: Published by the Academy of Learning [in Polish].
  • Kolberg, O. (1871). Lud: its customs, way of life, language, traditions, proverbs, rituals, witchcraft, games, songs, music and dances (Ser. VI). Krakow: At the Printing House of the Jagiellonian University [in Polish].

Read»

Our authors
Boikos’ pandemonium: categories of evil deceased
In the article have been presented some research-work on peculiarities of Boikos’ traditional demonological notions as for so-called evil deceased; on the basis of field records and ethnological literary sources quite a number of scum categories have been defined as well as essential habits, modes of behavior and functions of these personages of people’s demonology.
Read »

Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »

On field exploration of russian and belarusian ethnologists and etnolinguists in Ukrainian Polisia 1945—1980s
In the study based on a wide range of literary materials have been comprehensively characterised field research in Polisia of Ukraine, performed by Russian and Belarusian ethnologists during 1945—1980s as well as Moscow ethnolinguists and other researchers from ethnologic centres of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in the course of realization of Ethnolinguistic Atlas of Polisia program. Particular attention has been paid to geography, methods, themes and research results of scientific projects.
Read »

Traditional folk clothes of velikobychkovsky hutsuly of XIX — the first half of XX century
In the study based upon numerous field materials, literature sources as well as ethnographic, historio-cultural and regional museum collections has been performed complex analysis in traditional folk clothes by Hutzul population of Velyky Bychkiv village in Transcarpathian region. Detailed descriptions of femi­nine and masculine clothing complexes of the mentioned area have been presented. In characterizing of those main attention has been paid to the detail of cut in separate components of dress; cut of feminine shirt has been added as an illustration.
Read »