« 2018. #1 (139)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2018, 1 (139), 179–188

UDK7.04:2.67 (477.84)

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2018.01.179

Received 4.01.2018

THE «SACRED RUS» CONCEPT AND SACRALISATION OF THE IMPERIAL POWER BY THE RELIGIOUS ART (POCHAYIV MONASTERY IN 19TH CENTURY SAMPLE)

 Levytska Mariana, Candidate of Sciences in Art Studies,

Ph.D, doctoral student in the Department

of the Institute of Ethnology

of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Svobody Avenue 15,  79000, Lviv, Ukraine.

Contacts: e-mail: m.levytska@gmail.com

Abstract. Example of the Assumption cathedral of the Pochayiv Monastery has shown the changes in the church interior decoration after the monastery transition from Basilian Order to the Russian Orthodox Church in 1831. These changes were accomplished in accordance with a political needs. One of this needs was a purpose to sacralize a tzar authority and it has been realized by the «Sacred Rus’ «concept. Authority used different resources to establish a loyalty of a new subjected, such as religious art within a church interior (icons, mural paintings, lithurgical items) and new objects of the worship (new Russian saints). These visual components in the ritual space reinforce its influence. Therefore, the image of Christ, the Virgin, the Apostles or Evangelists combined space with images of the new saints inscribed in the historical context of Russian Orthodoxy.

 Keywords: Pochayiv Monastery, Assumption cathedral, religious art, Sacred Rus’ concept.

REFERENCES

Amvrosij (1886). Skazanie istoricheskoe o Pochaevskoj Uspenskoj Lavre byvshego namestnika Lavry arhіmandrita Amvrosija. Pochaev.
Bazen, Zh. (2001). Barokko i rokoko. Moskva: Slovo.
Hobsbaum, E., Rejndzher, T. (Eds.). (2010). Vynajdennia tradytsii. Kyiv: Nika-Tsentr. P. 11–12.
Dva dokumenta po delu peredachi Pochaevskoj Lavry iz vedenija uniatov v vedom-stvo pravoslavnoe. Kievskaja Starina. 1882. P. 486–502.
Isaievych, Ya. (2011). Knyhovydannia i drukarstvo v Pochaievi: initsiatory ta vykonavtsi. Kyiv: Natsional’na b-ka Ukrainy im. V. Vernads’koho; Drukarnia Pochaivs’koho Uspens’koho monastyria ta ii starodruky. P. 7–22.
Kashuba, M.V. (2005). Iov Pochaivs’kyj. Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy: u 10 t. (T. 3). Kyiv: Naukova dumka. P. 530.
Boguslavskij, V.V. (Ed.). (2004). Karamzin Nikolaj. Slavjanskaja jenciklopedija: XVII vek: v 2-h t. (T. 1). Moskva: Olma-Press. P. 301.
Kobryn, M. (2012). Zamojs’kyj synod i formuvannia tradytsijnoi identychnosti UHKTs. Visnyk LNU. Vyp. 15. P. 234–242.
Los’, V. (2005). Pytannia vplyviv uniats’koi tradytsii na dukhovne zhyttia ukrains’koho naselennia: postanovka problemy (Pravoberezhna Ukraina v seredyni KhIKh st.). Istoriia relihij v Ukraini. Naukovyj schorichnyk. L’viv: Lohos. P. 353–359.
Mytropolyt Ilarion [Ivan Ohiienko] (1961). Fortetsia pravoslav’ia na Volyni – Sviata Pochaivs’ka Lavra. Tserkovno-istorychna monohrafiia. Vinnipeh.
Pljuhanova, M. (1995). Sjuzhety i simvoly Moskovskogo carstva. Sankt-Peterburg: Akropol’.
Rychkov, P., Luts, V. (2004). Pochaivs’ka Sviato-Uspens’ka Lavra. Kyiv.
Smolij, V.A. (1997). Deiaki pytannia sotsial’noi ta konfesijnoi polityky Rosii na Pravoberezhnij Ukraini v kintsi XVIII st. Kam’ianets’-Podil’s’kyj.
Smirnov, V. (2008). Pamjatnik gosudarstva Rossijskogo. Tysjacheletie v bronze.
Strel’cova, A. (2016). Interv’ju s A. Lidovym. «Vizantija posle Vizantii». Iskusstvo. № 2.
Sokolov, N.M. (1903). Svjatye Zemli Russkoj: K dvuhsotletnej godovshhine so dnja konchiny Sv. Mitrofana Voronezhskogo. Sankt-Peterburg.
Tarnavskij, A. (1883). Po povodu 50-letnego jubileja Pochaevskoj. Kіevskaja Starina. № 12.
Hojnackij, A.F. (1897). Pochaevskaja Uspenskaja Lavra. Istoricheskoe opisanie. Pochaev.
Ukrains’ka shliakhta z kintsia XIV do seredyny XVII stolittia. Volyn’ i Tsentral’na Ukraina. Kyiv, 1993.
Berezhnaya, L. (2013). Kloster Pocajiv. Religiose Errinerungsorte in Ostmitteleuropa. Konsti­tution and Konkurrenz im nationen- und epochenubegreifenden Zugriff. Berlin: DE GRUYTER. S. 37–51.
Himka, J.P. (1999). Religion, and Nationality in Western Ukraine. The Greek Catholic Church and the Ruthenian National Movement in Galicia 1867–1900. McGill-Queen’s University Press. Montreal; Kingston; London; Ithaka.
Lang, W.K. (2003). Das heilige Russland: Geschichte, Folklore, Religion in der russischen Malerei des 19. Jahrhunderts: Reimer.
Plokhiy, S. (2015). The Missing Skeleton: Understanding the Identities of Kuivan Rus. Religion, State, Society and Identity in Transition Ukraine. WPL. S. 19–32.
Putna, M.C. (2015). Obrazy z kulturních dějinruské religiozity. Praha: Vyšegrad.
Skinner, В. (2005). Borderlands of Faith: Reconsidering the Origins of a Ukrainian Tragedy. Slavic Review. Vol. 64. № 1. P. 88–116.
Tschizewskij, D. (1959). Das Heilige RuЯland: Russische Geistesgeschichte, 2 Bдnde. Hamburg: Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag.
Wolff, L. «The Uniate Church and the Partitions of Poland: Religious Survival in an Age of Enlightened Absolutism». Harvard Ukrainian Studies. Vol. 26. № 1/4. Ukrainian Church History (2002–2003). P. 153–244.
Osadczy, W. (2007). Swiкta Ruњ. Rozwуj i oddziaіywanie idei prawosіawia w Galicji. Lublin : Wyd. UMCS.
Arkhiierej Serfym Slobids’kyj. (2003). Dolia ukrains’koi pravoslavnoi tserkvy u skladi RPTs; Chastyna 4: Ukrains’ka pravoslavna tserkva. Kyiv. URL: http://www.truechristianity.info/ua/books/zakon_bozhyi (accessed 23.04.2016).
Kinan, E., Tolochko, O. Rosijs’ki mify pro kyivs’ku spadschynu. URL: http://litopys.org.ua/keenan/keen03.htm> (перегляд 6 лютого 2016).
Kloss, B.M., Turilov, A.A. (2008). Evfrosinija (Predislava Svjatoslavichna). PJe. Moskva. Т. 17. URL: http://www.pravenc.ru/text/187879 (accessed 17.03.2016).
Lepahin, V. Ikonichnyj obraz svjatosti: prostranstvennye, vremennye, religi-oznye i istoriosofskie kategorii «Svjatoj Rusi». URL: www.pravoslavie.ru/jurnal/330 (accessed 19.03.2016).
Petro Ratens’kyj. URL: http://sledvekov.ru/petr_moskovskij (accessed 12.04.2016).
Perevezencev, S.V. Chudotvornye ikony Presvjatoj Bogorodicy. URL: http://bibliofond.ru/view.aspх (accessed 20.04.2015).
Pochaevskaja lavra (1845). Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshhenija. Chast’ XLV. Sankt-Peterburg: Tip. Imper. Akademii Nauk. URL: http://www.runivers.ru/gal/today.php?ID=452524 (accessed 12.09.2016).
Prepodobnaja Evfrosinija (v miru Evdokija) Moskovskaja. URL: https://azbyka.ru/days/sv-evfrosinija-v-miru-evdokija-moskovskaja (accessed 27.03.2016).
Tompson, E. (2006). Trubadury imperii: Rosijs’ka literatura i kolonializm. Kyiv.
Shl’ohel’, K. Povernulosia nasyl’stvo, vid iakoho my potrokhu vidvykly. URL: http://life.pravda.com.ua/society/2015/04/20/ 192797/ (accessed 11.03.2016).
Blackbourn, D. The Catholic Church in Europe since the French Revolution, In: Comparative Studies in Society and History 33 (4), P. 778–790. URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3693476 (accessed 06.03.2016).

Read»

Our authors
Maternity ritualism by volhynians in publications of the second half XIX to the early XXI cc.
In the article have been considered some basic landmarks for fixing and publication of ethnographic materials on the maternity rites of Volhynia with analytical study in ritual elements, their kinds and territories of origin. The article has also raised a problem of gaps in studies of maternity rites of Ukrainian historio-ethnographic Volhynia.
Read »

On field exploration of russian and belarusian ethnologists and etnolinguists in Ukrainian Polisia 1945—1980s
In the study based on a wide range of literary materials have been comprehensively characterised field research in Polisia of Ukraine, performed by Russian and Belarusian ethnologists during 1945—1980s as well as Moscow ethnolinguists and other researchers from ethnologic centres of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in the course of realization of Ethnolinguistic Atlas of Polisia program. Particular attention has been paid to geography, methods, themes and research results of scientific projects.
Read »

Boikos’ pandemonium: categories of evil deceased
In the article have been presented some research-work on peculiarities of Boikos’ traditional demonological notions as for so-called evil deceased; on the basis of field records and ethnological literary sources quite a number of scum categories have been defined as well as essential habits, modes of behavior and functions of these personages of people’s demonology.
Read »

Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
Read »