« 2018. #3 (141)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2018, 3 (141), 586–598

UDK 801.81:398.88(=161.2)”08/11”

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2018.03.586

TRADITIONAL EPIC FORMULAS AS A REFLECTION OF RELICTS OF KNIGHTHOOD IN UKRAINIAN CHRISTMAS CAROLS

Halaichuk Oksana Volodymyrivna, senior laboratory assistant
of the Department of General Linguistics,
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,
Universytetska Street 1, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine.
Contacts: (067) 2541238; halay_czuk@ukr.net

Abstrakt. Traditional invariable formulas-clichés of military character in the Ukrainian Christmas carol are investigated and analyzed in the article. It is well proved that in princely times Ukrainians had a chivalrous poetry. This poetry has saved as loci commu¬nes in different genres of Ukrainian folklore.

Keywords: loci communes, formulas-cliches, Christmas carols, knighthood.

Received 28.02.2018

References

Buslaev, F.I. (1850). Ob jepicheskih vyrazhenijah ukrainskoj pojezii: (Po povodu Sbornika ukrainskih pesen, izdannyh M.A. Maksimovichem v Kieve v 1849 godu. Moskvitjanin, 18, 19—44 [in Russian].
Byliny: v 2-h t. (Vol. 1). (1958). Moskva: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel’stvo hudozhestvennoj literatury [in Russian].
Vinogradova, L.N. (1982). Zimnjaja kalendarnaja pojezija zapadnyh i vostochnyh slavjan: Genezis i tipologija koljadovanija. Moskva: Nauka [in Russian].
Hnatiuk, V. (1914). Koliadky i schedrivky. (Vol. I). Etnohrafichnyj zbirnyk. L’viv [in Ukrainian].
Hnatiuk, V. (1914). Koliadky i schedrivky. (Vol. II). Etnohrafichnyj zbirnyk. L’viv [in Ukrainian].
Grіnchenko, B. (1899). Pѣsni. In Jetnograficheskіe materіaly, sobrannye v Chernigovskoj i sosѣdnih s nej gubernіjah. (Vol. ІІІ). Chernigov: Tipografіja Gubernskago Zemstva [in Russian].
Hrushevs’kyj, M.C. (1994). Istoriia ukrains’koi literatury: v 6 t., 9 kn. Kyiv: Lybid’, T. 4. Kn. 1. «Literaturni pam’iatky Ukrainy» [in Ukrainian].
Gura, A.V. (1995). Voron. Slavjanskie drevnosti: jetnolingvisticheskij slovar’: v 5 t. (Vol. 1: A—G, pp. 434—438). Moskva: Mezhdunar. otnoshenija [in Russian].
Denysiuk, I.O. (2003). Relikty lytsars’ko-druzhynnoi ta bylynnoi poezii (znakhidky u fol’klori volyns’ko-polis’koho arealu). Slovo i Chas, 1, 22—28 [in Ukrainian].
Kalendarno-obriadovi pisni (1987) (eds. uporiad., peredm., prymit. O.Yu. Chebaniuk ; il. khudozh. V.Ye. Pereval’s’koho ta A.F. Pavlenka). Kyiv: Dnipro [in Ukrainian].
Kolessa, F. (1938). Ukrains’ka usna slovesnist’. L’viv: NTSh [in Ukrainian].
Kolessa, F. (1920). Ukrains’ki narodni dumy: pershe povne vydannia z rozvidkoiu, poiasnenniamy, notamy i znymkamy kobzariv. L’viv: Prosvita [in Ukrainian].
Kytova, S.A. (ed.). (2003). Koliadky ta schedrivky v suchasnykh zapysakh. Cherkasy: BRAMA [in Ukrainian].
Dej, O.I. (ed.). (1965). Koliadky ta schedrivky: zymova obriadova poeziia trudovoho roku. Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
Kostomarov, M. (1994). Slov’ians’ka mifolohiia. Kyiv: Lybid’ [in Ukrainian].
Kulish, P. (1856). Zapiski o Juzhnoj Rusi: v 2 tomah. (Vol. І). Sankt-Peterburg, [in Russian].
[Lukashevich, P.A.]. (1836). Malorossіjskіja i Chervonorusskіja narodnyja dumy i pѣsni. Sankt-Peterburg [in Russian].
Maierchyk, M. Ornitomorfni uiavlennia pro dushu (problemy henezy ta semiozysu). Studii z intehral’noi kul’turolohii: THANATOS, 1, 92—104 [in Ukrainian].
Makaev, Je. (1964). «Jedda» i ustnaja jepicheskaja tradicija. Problemy sravnitel’noj filologii. Sbornik statej k 70-letiju V.M. Zhirmunskogo. Moskva; Leningrad, 408—417 [in Russian].
Malynka, Al.N. (1902). Sbornyk’ materialov’ po malorusskomu fol’kloru (Chernyh., Volynsk., Poltavsk., y nѣkot. dr. hub.): Koliadky, schedrovky, zahadky, poslovytsy, zahovory, narodn. medytsyna, prymѣty, razskazy y skazky. Chernyhov’ [in Russian].
Meletinskij, E. (1968). «Jedda» i rannie formy jeposa. Moskva: Nauka [in Russian].
Moskalenko, M. (1988). Fol’klornyj alfavit davn’orus’koho kosmosu. Zolotoslov. Poetychnyj kosmos Davn’oi Rusi. Kyiv: Dnipro [in Ukrainian].
Narodni perlyny. (1971). Kyiv: Dnipro [in Ukrainian].
Dej, O.I. & Romanets, O.S. (eds.). (1968). Narodni pisni Bukovyny v zapysakh Yuriia Fed’kovycha. Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Shalata, M.J. (ed.). (1983). Narodni pisni v zapysakh Ivana Vahylevycha. Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Kashyrina, L.S. (ed.). (1974). Narodni pisni v zapysakh Ivana Manzhury. Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Dej, O.I. (ed.). (1985). Narodni pisni v zapysakh Ivana Nechuia-Levyts’koho, Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Shalata, M.J. (ed.). (1973). Narodni pisni v zapysakh Markiiana Shashkevycha. Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Dej, O.I. & Pinchuk, V.H. (eds.). (1974). Narodni pisni z holosu Dniprovoi Chajky ta v ii zapysakh. Kyiv: Muzychna Ukraina [in Ukrainian].
Permjakov, G. Ot pogovorki do skazki (Zametki po obshhej teorii klishe). Moskva: Nauka [in Russian].
Plisets’kyj, M. (1994). Ukrains’ki narodni dumy: siuzhety i obrazy. Kyiv: Kobza [in Ukrainian].
Potebnja, A. (1887). Koljadki i shhedrovki. In Objasnenіja malorusskih i srodnyh narodnyh pѣsen’. Varszava: v tipografіi Mihaila Zemkevicha. (Vol. ІІ) [in Russian].
Pchilka Olena. (1903, sichen’). Ukrains’ki koliadky. In Kyevskaia staryna. (Vol. I [80], pp. 52—175). Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Rozhdestvenskij, Ju.V. (1970). Chto takoe «teorija klishe»? In Permjakov G. Ot pogovorki do skazki (Zametki po obshhej teorii klishe).(pp. 212—237). Moskva: Nauka [in Russian].
Borys, Hrinchenko. (ed. uporiadkuvav z dodatkom vlasnoho materialu: v chotyr’okh tomakh). (1997). Slovar’ ukrains’koi movy. (Vol. 4. R—Ya. NAN Ukrainy; In-t ukrains’koi movy). Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
Ryl’s’kyj, M. (ed. perekl.). Slovo pro Ihoriv pokhid. Kyiv: Dnipro [in Ukrainian].
Sumcov, N.F. (1890). Voron v narodnoj slovesnosti (Iz «Jetnograficheskago Obozrѣnіja». Kn. 1. Moskva [in Russian].
Dej, O.I. (ed.). (1983). Fol’klorni zapysy Marka Vovchka ta Opanasa Markovycha. Kyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
Fol’klorni materialy z Otchoho kraiu. Zibraly Vasyl’ Sokil ta Hanna Sokil. (1998). L’viv: In-t narodoznavstva NAN Ukrainy [in Ukrainian].
Franko, I.Ya. (1984). Tescha v poloni u ziatia. Franko I. Zibrannia tvoriv: u 50 t. (Vol. 42). Kyiv:
Naukova dumka, 115—123 [in Ukrainian].
Chyzhevs’kyj, D. (1994). Lektsii z istorii ukrains’koi literatury. In. V. Petrov, D. Chyzhevs’kyj, M. Hlobenko ta in. Ukrains’ka literatura. Istoriia ukrains’koi kul’tury.(pp. 67—82). Miunkhen; L’viv [in Ukrainian].
Chubins’kij, P.P. (1872). Narodnyj dnevnik. In Trudy Jetnografichesko-statisticheskoj jekspedicіi v zapadno-russkіj kraj, snarjazhennoj imperatorskim russkim geograficheskim obshhestvom. Jugo-zapadnyj otdel. (Vol. 3). Sankt-Peterburg [in Russian].
Shukhevych, V. (1904). Hutsul’schyna. Ch. 4. In Materyialy do ukrains’ko-rus’koi etnol’ogii. (T. VII). L’viv: NTSh [in Ukrainian].
Kolberg, O. (1976). Dzieіa wszystkie. Ruњ Czerwona T. 56. Cz. 1. Ss. LXXХI, 445 [in Polish].
Moszyсski, K. (1939). Kultura duchowa. In Kultura ludowa sіowian. Krakуw: Polska Akademia Umiejкtnoњci. (Cz. 2,Vol. II) [in Polish].
Rawita-Gawroсski, Fr. (1898). Szczedrуwki z Tarnawy. Lud: organ Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego we Lwowie. Lwуw: nakіadem Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego. Rocznik 4, 84—93 [in Polish].
Meletinskij E. «Obshhie mesta» i drugie jelementy fol’klornogo stilja v jeddicheskoj pojezii.
Retrieved from: http://www.ruthenia.ru/folklore/meletinsky17.htm.

Read»

Our authors
On bessarabian and moldavian ukrainians in the studies of historical ethnography
The article has thrown some light upon a sum of scientific findings got during XIX to XXI cc. in historio-ethnographic studies of Bessarabia and Moldavian Ukrainians. In the pre­sent paper has been given author’s answer to the problem of lacking progress as for the numerous themes concerning Ukrainians. State and achievements of the research-works in Ukrainians’ material and spiritual culture by the scientists of Moldavia and Ukraine through the years of independence has been exposed.
Read »

Wax candle as ukrainian Christmas and epiphany ritualistic text
For the first time in native ethnology the article has brought some results of special study in sign functionality of a wax candle under the context of Ukrainian Christmas and Epiphany ritualistic text (ritualism of Christmas Eve, New Year, Epiphany Eve and Feast of Epiphany). The study has stated extremely high semiotic position of a wax candle as projection of Sun, mediator between the spheres of sacral and prophane elements, symbolic analogue of human existence, apotropy, cultural symbol re-establishing borders of acculturated space.
Read »

On field exploration of russian and belarusian ethnologists and etnolinguists in Ukrainian Polisia 1945—1980s
In the study based on a wide range of literary materials have been comprehensively characterised field research in Polisia of Ukraine, performed by Russian and Belarusian ethnologists during 1945—1980s as well as Moscow ethnolinguists and other researchers from ethnologic centres of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in the course of realization of Ethnolinguistic Atlas of Polisia program. Particular attention has been paid to geography, methods, themes and research results of scientific projects.
Read »

Daily bread baking of ukrainians in the south-western ethnographical region at the late XIX to early XXI cc.
The paper has dealt with analytic study in prescriptions, signs, customs, methods, ways of selection, procurement and some peculiarities in usage of subsidiary means — water, firewood and leaves in bread baking. The final aim of the mentioned actions had been (and still is) selection of the means and ingredients fit, by their characteristics, for the backing of bread. The paper has demonstrated dependence of bread backing subsi­diary means criteria from the folk nutritional standards and world outlook stereotypes as well as from regional social and economic, natural and geographical factors and peculiarities of material culture.
Read »