« 2022. # 6 (168)

The Ethnology Notebooks. 2022. № 6 (168), 1272—1290

UDK 39(477.86/.87+477.83=161.2):[644.11:697.2]”18/19″

DOI https://doi.org/10.15407/nz2022.06.1272

BOIKOS` STOVE (BUILDING MATERIALS, STRUCTURAL FEATURES, ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY) XIX — FIRST HALF OF XX CENTURIES

RADOVYCH Roman

• ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1900-8948
• Doctor of Sciences in History, Senior Researcher
• of the Institute of Ethnology
• of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
• in the Department of Historical Ethnology,
• Svobody Avenue 15, 79000, Lviv, Ukraine,
• Contacts: e-mail: radovychroman@gmail.com

Abstract. Ethnologists, studying traditional housing, primarily distinguish horizontal planning and the heating system, among a number of typological features. Therefore, the research of the heating system, its individual components in general in Ukraine and in its individual ethnographic regions is extremely relevant.

The heating system of a traditional home includes heating devices (open hearth, stove, oven («hrubka»), kitchen stove, etc.) and devices for smoke removal (chimneys-smoke collectors, chimneys, chimneys-outputs, etc.). The main heating device in the homes of the fighters was a stove. In the proposed investigation, the author sets himself the goal of finding out the features of this heating device (characterizing building materials, structural features, techniques and technology of its construction).

The object of the study is traditional construction, and the subject is the heating system (actually, the main heating device  the stove).

The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism in combination with elements of structural and functional analysis and the use of the main methods of ethnological science: retrospective, typological, complex and analysis, historical reconstruction, etc.

The territory of the study covers the entire territory of Boikivshchyna. Chronological boundaries of the study: 19th  the first half of the 20th century.

The stove in Boikivschyna, like everywhere else in Ukraine, was placed indoors near the entrance, in the corner, between the back and passage walls of the house. The oven hole was turned towards the long front wall. The furnace chamber — the main working part of the traditional stove — was located on a quadrangular platform, raised above the firebox — «opichchia». «Prypichok» were arranged in front of the oven hole, and «zapichok» were arranged on the side of the vault. During the construction of the furnace, various building materials were used: clay, stones, raw or burnt bricks, etc.

Keywords: Heating system, stove, furnace chamber, «opichchia», «cherin», «prypichok», «zapichok».

Received 14.11.2022

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